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IIBMS – Impact of Retail Promotions on Consumers

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CASE VI

IIBMS – Impact of Retail Promotions on Consumers

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IIBMS – Impact of Retail Promotions on Consumers

Shoppers\’ Delight, a large retail store, had above-average quality and competitive prices. It advertised its retail promotions in local newspapers. Its TV advertising was mainly aimed at building store image and did not address retail promotions. The management knew it well that they had to advertise their retail promotions more, but they did not feel comfortable with the effectiveness of present efforts and wanted to better understand the impact of their present promotions.

To better understand the effectiveness of present efforts, a study of advertising exposure, interpretation, and purchases was undertaken. Researchers conducted 50 in-depth interviews with customers of the store\’s target market to determine the appropriate product mix, price, ad copy and media for the test. In addition, the store\’s image and that of its two competitors were measured.

Based on the research findings, different product lines that would appeal to the target customers were selected. The retail promotion was run for a full week. Full-page advertisements were released each day in the two local Hindi newspapers, and also in one English newspaper that devotes six pages to the coverage of the state.

Each evening, a sample of 100 target market customers were interviewed by telephone as follows:

  1. Target customers were asked if they had read the newspaper that day. This was done to determine their exposure to advertisement.
  2. After a general description of the product lines, the respondents were asked to recall any related retail advertisements they had seen or read.
  3. If the respondents were able to recall, they were asked to describe the ad, the promoted products, sale prices, and the name of the sponsoring store.
  4. If the respondents were accurate in their ad interpretation, they were asked to express their intentions to purchase.
  5. Respondents were also asked for suggestions to be incorporated in future promotions targeted at this consumer segment.

Immediately after the close of promotion, 500 target market customers were surveyed to determine what percentage of the target market actually purchased the promoted products. It also determined which sources of information influenced them in their decision to purchase and the amount of their purchase.

Results of the study showed that ad exposure was 75 per cent and ad awareness level was 68 per cent and was considered as high. Only 43 percent respondents exposed to and aware of the ad copy could accurately recall important details, such as the name of the store promoting the retail sale. Just 43 per cent correct interpretation was considered as low. Of those who could accurately interpret the  ad copy, 32 per cent said they intended to respond by purchasing the advertised· products \’ and 68per cent sad they had no intention to buy. This yields an overall intention to buy of 7 per cent. The largest area of lost opportunity was due to those who did not accurately interpret the ad copy.

The post-promotion survey indicated that only 4.2 per cent of the target market customers made purchases of the promoted products during the promotion period. In terms of how the buyers learned of the promotion, 46 per cent mentioned newspaper A (Hindi), 27 per cent newspaper B (Hindi), 8 per cent newspaper (English), and 15 per cent learned about sale through word-of mouth communication.

The retail promotion was judged as successful in many ways, besides yielding sales worth

Rs 900,000. However, management was concerned about not achieving a higher level of ad comprehension, missing a significant sales opportunity: It was believed that a better ad would have at least 75 per cent correct comprehension among those aware of the ad. This in turn would almost double sales without any additional cost.

 

QUESTIONS

  1. Why would some consumers have high-involvement levels in learning about this sales promotion?
  2. Is a level of 75 per cent comprehension realistic among those who become aware of an ad?  Why or why not?
  3. Do you think such promotions are likely to influence the quality image of the retail store? Explain.
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IIBMS – Impact of Retail Promotions on Consumers

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Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

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IIBM – Six Sigma Black Belt Answer sheet

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IIBM – Six Sigma Black Belt Answer sheet

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Multiple Choices:

Q1. Calculate the estimated variance of the population from which the following values have been randomly selected: 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.8.

  1. 095
  1. 009
  1. 088
  1. 008

Q2. The mean, median, and mode of distribution have the same value. What can be said about the distribution?

  1. It is exponential
  1. It is normal
  1. It is uniform
  1. None of the above

Q3. Approximately what percent of the data values are smaller than the mean?

  1. 25%
  1. 50%
  1. 75%
  1. None of above

Q4. A normal probability plot is used to:

  1. Determine whether the distribution is normal
  1. Plot Z value
  1. Determine process capability
  1. It is percent out of specification

Q5. Nominal Group technique is used to:

  1. Help a group reach a consensus
  1. Generate a group on new ideas
  1. Provide a consistent stable group leadership
  1. Provide a name for the group

Q6. An example of a project metric would be:

  1. The decrease in defect occurrence
  1. The decrease in product cost
  1. The decrease in cycle time
  1. All the above

Q7. A correct statement about the relationship between the terms parameter and statistic is:

  1. A population statistic is more accurate than a parameter
  1. A sample parameter is used to estimate a statistic
  1. A sample statistic is used to estimate a population parameter
  1. Standard deviation calculation requires both statistics and parameters

Q8. A and B are events. P(A) = 0.80 and P(B) = 0.90:

  1. Events A and B are disjoint or mutually exclusive
  1. Events A and B are not disjoint or mutually exclusive
  1. P (A and B) = 0
  1. P(A and B) = 1.7

Q9. In a certain sampling situation, a=0, b=0.08. the power of the sampling plan in this case is:

  1. 0
  1. 0.08
  1. 1.00
  1. 0.92

Q10. A newspaper article describes a high positive correlation between obesity and orange juice consumption among six-year-old children. Parents who restrict the use of orange juice for their children have:

  1. Made a type I error
  1. Made a type II error
  1. Misunderstood margin of error
  1. Confused correlation with causation

Q11. In an experimental design context, replications refer to:

  1. Duplicating experimental results at another location
  1. Repeating a test with the same factor levels
  1. Obtaining the same or similar results from different factors
  1. Repeating an experiment but using at least one different factor level

Q12. Find the upper control limit for a range chart if n=4 and the average range is 2.282.

  1. 2.282
  1. 4.564
  1. 5.208
  1. 3.423

Q13. An x-bar control chart has been established with control limits of 3.245 and 3.257, n=5. An engineer collects the following sample and plots the average on the control chart: 3.257, 3.256, 3.258, 3.259

  1. The process is out of control
  1. The process is not out of control
  1. The engineer misused the control chart
  1. The control limits are incorrect

Q14. TEIZ is an acronym which refers to:

  1. A set of problem-solving tools
  1. An organization of quality professionals
  1. An experiment using transitional results
  1. A Russian general responsible for creative thinking

Q15. A robust design is one which;

  1. Has high reliability
  1. Has low maintenance frequency
  1. Is simple to manufacture’
  1. Is resistant to varying environmental conditions

Q16. A frequent cause of system sub-optimization is:

  1. Optimizing individual process
  1. Failing to draw a system flow chart
  1. Using data with outliers
  1. Failing to consider the normal distribution

Q17. The x2 distribution is:

  1. Symmetric
  1. Left skewed
  1. Right skewed
  1. Normal

Q18. An advantage of using standard deviation rather than range for measuring the dispersion of a large sample is that:

  1. The standard deviation has a simpler formula
  1. Calculators have a standard deviation key but not a range Key
  1. Standard deviation uses information from each measurement
  1. Range calculations are not normally distributed

Q19. The team development stage characterized by the expression of individual opinions and ideas often without regard for team objectives is known as:

  1. Performing
  1. Norming
  1. Conflicting
  1. Storming

Q20. SMED is an acronym for activity that:

  1. Involve housekeeping in the work area
  1. Makes mistakes of a certain type impossible
  1. Emphasizes the pull of the customer
  1. Reduces set up the time

Q21. A principle advantage of fractional factorial experimental designs is:

  1. Reduced cost
  1. Improved accuracy
  1. Increased confounding
  1. Higher confidence level

Q22. Dr. W Edwards Deming:

  1. Lectured in Japan after World War II
  1. Was an author of several books in the US
  1. Is considered an expert in the quality field
  1. All of the above
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Part Two:

Q23. What percent of the population falls below the lower specification limits?

  1. 9.18%
  1. 22.66%
  1. 6.68%
  1. 1.83%

Q24. Find the mean, median, and mode of the following data set: 9, 11, 12, 14, 18, 18, 18, 20, and 23:

  1. 15.5, 18, 18
  1. 15, 14, 18
  1. 15, 12, 18
  1. 15.5, 16, 18

Use for problems 25-27:A B Res.

Q25. Calculate the main effect of factor A:

  1. 20
  1. 25
  1. 30
  1. None of the above

Q26. Calculate the interaction effect:

  1. 20
  1. 25
  1. 40
  1. None of the above

Q27. If it is desirable to maximize the response R, the following levels should be used:

  1. A+ and B+
  1. A+ and B

c.A- and B+

  1. None of the above

Q28. This experimental design is:

  1. Full factorial
  1. Half factorial
  1. Quarter factorial
  1. None of the above

Q29. The number of factors, levels, and replications:

  1. 3, 3, 3
  1. 3, 2, 2
  1. 3, 2, 3
  1. None of the above

Q30. An indication of the experimental error is available because the design has:

  1. Multiple replications
  1. Multiple levels
  1. Multiple factors
  1. None of the above

Q31. The average number of defects is 21.6. Find the upper control limit for the C-chart.

  1. 26.4
  1. 24.6
  1. 26.2
  1. None of the above

Q32. Briefly define the Affinity Diagram with an example.

Q33. By using imaginary figures draw a Run Chart.

Q34. Consider the following data & develop a normal probability graph paper & normal probability plot:7.9, 9.7, 10.6, 12.7, 12.8, 18.1, 21.2, 33.0, 43.5, 51.1, 81.4, 93.1

Q35. A painting process produces coatings with a thickness of 0.0005 & a standard deviation of 0.00002. What should the tolerance limits be for this process? Briefly explain the Tolerance design.

Q36. What is the Pugh matrix? State the steps that are used in the Pugh matrix.

Q37. Define & describe the purpose of root cause analysis. Recognize the issues involved in identifying a root cause analysis and list various tools for resolving the chronic problem.

Q38. Describe the purpose & elements of FMEA including risk priority number (RPN), and evaluate FMEA results for processes, products, & services. Distinguish between design FMEA (DFMEA) & process FMEA (PFMEA) and interpret results from each.

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Quality Assurance: Their primary aim is to deliver high-quality content that meets academic standards and fulfills the requirements of the university assignments. This involves thorough research, proper structuring, and adherence to guidelines provided by the educational institution.

Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically appropriate manner. They focus on effective communication to ensure the content is easily understandable to the target audience.

Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

Customization and Client Satisfaction: They tailor their services to individual student needs, providing personalized assistance and ensuring client satisfaction by addressing specific requirements and preferences.

Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

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XIBMS – Finance Management

XIBMS /

XIBMS – Finance Management  

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XIBMS – Finance Management

Q1. What do you understand by Internal Audit ? How do the functions of an internal auditor differ from that of External Auditor ?

Q2.  Explain the consistency concept and Accrual Concept of Accounting. How is the Accrual Concept adhered to while preparing the final accounts of a company ?

Q3. What are intangible assets of a firm ? Why are they shown in the Balance Sheet ? What is meant by amortisation of such assets ? Give reason for the same.

Q4.  What do you understand by Appropriation of profit of a company? How are the profits appropriated ? How will the profits to be appropriated, affected, if the company issues debentures, instead of equity shares to finance its activities ? Discuss how?

Q5. Distinguish between:

  1. FIFO and LIFO methods of Inventory valuation.
  2. Rights Shares and Bonus Shares
  3. Direct Material Price Variance and Direct Material Usage Variance
  4. Imputed Costs and Opportunity Costs.

 

Q6. What do you understand by Break-even analysis ? Discuss the assumptions underlying the break-even analysis. How do these assumptions make the break-even analysis unrealistic ? Explain and prepare a Break-even chart assuming relevant figures.

Q7.  What do you understand by Flexible Budget ? How does it differ from a Fixed Budget ? Explain its utility to a business organisation.

Q8. What do you mean by Control Ratios ? Explain the three important control ratios and discuss their significance.

Q9. Explain fully the following statements :

  1. Operating cycle plays a decisive role in estimating the working capital requirement of a firm.
  2. As there is no explicit cost of retained earnings, they are free of cost.
  3. Depreciation acts as a tax shield
  4. An investor in shares considers not only its E.P.S. but also P.E. ratio.
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XIBMS – Finance Management

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Quality Assurance: Their primary aim is to deliver high-quality content that meets academic standards and fulfills the requirements of the university assignments. This involves thorough research, proper structuring, and adherence to guidelines provided by the educational institution.

Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically appropriate manner. They focus on effective communication to ensure the content is easily understandable to the target audience.

Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

Customization and Client Satisfaction: They tailor their services to individual student needs, providing personalized assistance and ensuring client satisfaction by addressing specific requirements and preferences.

Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

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IIBM – Services Marketing Answer sheet

IIBM /

IIBM – Services Marketing Answer sheet

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Multiple Choices:

Q1. The extent to which customers recognize and are willing to accept this variation is called:

  1. Zone of tolerance
  2. Zone of fitness
  3. Zone of Acceptance
  4. None of the above

Q2. SERVQUAL is used to measure service quality. (T/F)

Q3. SWICS stands for………………………………………………………………………………

Q4. Real /perceived and monetary/nonmonetary costs are termed switching costs. (T/F)

Q5. TARP stands for ……………………………………………………………………………….

Q6. If the direct cost is ‘a, the overhead cost is ‘b’ and the profit margin is ‘c’ then the cost-based pricing can be calculated by:

  1. a+b+c
  2. a-b+c
  3. a/b*c
  4. None of the above

Q7. If the percentage change in quality purchased is ‘a’ and the percentage change in price be ’b’ then elasticity is given by:

  1. a*b
  2. a/b
  3. a+b
  4. a-b

Q8. If the actual revenue is ‘a’ and the potential revenue is ‘b’ then the yield can be given by:

  1. a-b
  2. a+b
  3. a/b
  4. b/a

Q9. Reactors make adjustments unless forced to do so by environmental pressures.(T/F)

Q10. The least profitable customers are categorized into:

  1. Platinum
  2. Gold
  3. Iron
  4. Lead
\"\"

Part Two:

Q1. What do you understand by “Customer Gap”?

Q2. Write the difference between perceptions of service quality and customer satisfaction.

Q3. Write a short “SERVQUAL” survey.

Q4. What are the different types of “Complainer”?

Q5. How do you think Giordano had/would have to adapt its marketing and operations strategies and tactics when entering and penetrating your country?

Q6. What general lessons can be learned from Giordano for other major clothing retailers in your country?

Q7. What did Jyske Bank change to enable it to deliver its new competitive positioning?

Q8. How did Jyske Bank implement those changes?

Q9. Choose a firm you are familiar with. Describe how you would design an ideal service recovery strategy for that organization.

Q10. Discuss the customer’s role as a productive resource for the firm. Describe a time when you played this role. What did you do and how feel? Did the firm help you perform your role effectively? How?

 

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Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically appropriate manner. They focus on effective communication to ensure the content is easily understandable to the target audience.

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IIBM – Security Analysis and Portfolio Management Answer sheet

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IIBM – Security Analysis and Portfolio Management Answer sheet

\"\"

Q1. The covariance of the returns of security i and market portfolio is 270. The standard deviation of the market portfolio is 15. Calculate β of security i.

  1. 1.2
  2. 2.4
  3. 3.0
  4. 3.8
  5. 4.2

Q2. In an economy, the level of confidence can be gauged by examining the following factors.

  1. The current investment climate
  2. The current capacity utilization
  3. Overall economic conditions
  4. Financial performance of companies
  5. All of the above

Q3. Default-free bonds can still have

  1. Price change risk
  2. Interest rate risk
  3. Marketability risk
  4. Political risk
  5. All of the above

Q4. The analyst should take into account the following characteristics while evaluating a company for investment purposes.

  1. Permanence
  2. Labor conditions
  3. Government policies and regulations
  4. Past earnings performance and future expectations
  5. All of the above

Q5. B1 and B2 group shares in BSE can be settled through

  1. Carry forward settlement
  2. Spot delivery
  3. Hand delivery
  4. Kerb trades
  5. None of the above

Q6. Which among the following factors are considered while conducting five factor ROE analysis?

  1. Pre-tax margin
  2. Operating margin
  3. Asset turnover
  4. Total leverage
  5. All of the above

Q7. The ratio of market capitalization to book value can be used as a proxy for

  1. ROE
  2. ROA
  3. EBIT
  4. EBDIT
  5. None of the above

Q8. A stop loss order is given when the market is

  1. Highly volatile
  2. Experiencing a downtrend
  3. Experiencing a bull run
  4. Inactive
  5. None of the above

Q9. The low exit and high entry barriers can be found in industries which have

  1. Low and stable returns
  2. Low but risky returns
  3. High and stable returns
  4. High but risky returns
  5. None of the above

Q10. Which of the following companies deal in commodities?

  1. HLL
  2. Reliance
  3. Wipro
  4. Grasim
  5. Both (b) and (d) above

Q11. Which among the following is unique to a security?

  1. Risk-free rate
  2. Risk premium
  3. Rates of expected inflation
  4. Nominal interest rates
  5. None of the above

Q12. To prove the independent nature of price changes in stocks, analysts conduct which of the following tests?

  1. Auto-correlation tests
  2. Residual analysis
  3. Event studies
  4. Runs test
  5. Both (a) and (d) above

Q13. A “Connected Person” according to the SEBI Regulations, 1992 is defined as

  1. A company under the same management
  2. A merchant banker or a share transfer agent or a broker
  3. An employee of a public financial institution
  4. The company’s banker
  5. All of the above

Q14. The slope of the CAPM line is also referred to as the

  1. Systematic risk
  2. Market price of the risk
  3. Unsystematic risk
  4. Both (a) and (b) above
  5. None of the above

Q15. The risk of the whole market as measured by ‘Beta’ is

  1. 1
  2. 0
  3. -1
  4. Greater than 1
  5. None of the above

Q16. Securities which are plotted above the SML line are

  1. Underpriced
  2. Those whose intrinsic value is equal to the market value
  3. Overpriced
  4. Favorable investments
  5. Both (a) and (d) above

Q17. In India, the secondary market for shares is regulated by

  1. RBI
  2. Ministry Finance
  3. SEBI
  4. Company Law Board
  5. There is no regulatory authority

Q18. Banker’s acceptances are traded in

  1. Money market
  2. Capital market
  3. Derivative market
  4. Forex market
  5. None of the above

Q19. Which among the following is/are market determined?

  1. Havala rate
  2. Carry forward margin
  3. Badla charges
  4. Making up price
  5. None of the above

Q20. High growth rates in earnings and market shares is a characteristic of companies which are in

  1. Maturity stage
  2. Expansion stage
  3. Pioneering stage
  4. Declining stage
  5. None of the above
\"\"

Part Two:

Q1. Explain ‘Discretionary Order’, a type of order available to stock traders.

Q2. What does ‘β’ (Beta) mean in risk measurement?

Q3. Define ‘Liquidity’.

Q4. What is ‘Beta Control’?

Q5. Which company do you think in India confirms to the traditional explanation of why firms grow?

Q6. Which company do you think in India has improved its valuation after focusing on its core competencies.

Q7. How does the introduction of rolling settlement complement the stock being traded in the demat format?

Q8. What are the advantages to the company whose shares are traded in the demat form?

Q9. Investment in bond assures the investor a fixed return with some element of risk. Elaborate on the various risks involved in bond investment and recommend the techniques to reduce these risks.

Q10. Explain where in the companies resort to manipulative accounting techniques with respect to the following areas.

IIBM Institute

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Our commitment to aiding students in achieving academic success aligns perfectly with the educational standards upheld by IIBM Institute (IIBM Institute of Business Management). We understand the importance of delivering high-quality, customized solutions that meet the unique requirements of assignments and case studies within the institute\’s curriculum.

Whether in MBA, EMBA, GMS, DMS, or any other programs offered at IIBM Institute (IIBM Institute of Business Management), our team is equipped to provide expert guidance and meticulously crafted solutions. We prioritize accuracy, originality, and timely delivery; ensuring students receive the necessary assistance to excel academically.

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Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically appropriate manner. They focus on effective communication to ensure the content is easily understandable to the target audience.

Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

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XIBMS – Finance Management 

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XIBMS – Finance Management

\"XIBMS\"

XIBMS – Finance Management 

1.(a) How does an accountant follow the principle \”anticipate no profit, provide for all losses\” ? On which accounting concept is this based ? Explain it and discuss its significance.

 

(b) Distinguish between Financial Accounting and Management Accounting. What is the most important role of a Management Accountant in a business organisation ? Discuss.

 

2.(a)How does an accountant follow the principle \”anticipate no profit, provide for all losses\” ?How are they treated while preparing the final accounts ? If by mistake the accountant of a firm treats a capital expenditure as revenue expenditure, how will it affect the final accounts of the\’ firm ? Give an example.

 

(b) Why is depreciation charged ? Explain the two methods of charging depreciation. In which method the value of the asset is reduced to zero earlier ? Which one is more rational ? Explain why ?

 

  1. \”Financial Leverage is one of the important considerations in planning the capital structure of a company.\” Explain this statement giving an example. Briefly describe the other factors which are also considered while planning the Capital structure.

 

  1. Distinguish between :

(a)Profit maximisation and Wealth maximisation goals.

(b)Accounting Rate of Return and Internal Rate of Return.

(c)Operating Cash flows and Financial cash flows.

(d)Direct Labour Rate Variance and Direct Labour Efficiency Variance.

 

  1. Explain fully the following statements :

(a)\”Break – even Analysis is not without limitations\”.

(b)\”Lenders prefer high interest coverage ratio but a low debt-equity ratio\”.

 (c)\”Weighted average cost of capital would always be higher, if market value weights are used.\”

(d)Zero – based budgeting is a better alternative to traditional method of budgeting.

 

6.(a) \”Sales Budget forms the basis on which all other budgets are built .\” Explain.

What factors are taken into consideration while preparing the sales budget ? Discuss.

(b) What is Rolling Budget ? How does it differ from flexible Budget ? What purposes do these budgets serve ? Explain.

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XIBMS – Finance Management 

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Quality Assurance: Their primary aim is to deliver high-quality content that meets academic standards and fulfills the requirements of the university assignments. This involves thorough research, proper structuring, and adherence to guidelines provided by the educational institution.

Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically appropriate manner. They focus on effective communication to ensure the content is easily understandable to the target audience.

Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

Customization and Client Satisfaction: They tailor their services to individual student needs, providing personalized assistance and ensuring client satisfaction by addressing specific requirements and preferences.

Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

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IIBMS – Golden Glow Soap

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Case V

IIBMS – Golden Glow Soap

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IIBMS – Golden Glow Soap

Anil Mahajan absent -mindedly ran his finger over the cake of soap before him. He traced the name \’Golden Glow\’ embossed on the soap as he inhaled its unmistakable sesame fragrance. It was a small soap, almost like a bar of gold. There were no frills, no coloured packaging, and no fancy shape. Just a golden glow and the fragrance of sesame and Lucida font that quietly stated\’ Golden Glow\’.

Mahajan smiled wanly and clasped the soap in his hands, as if protecting it from an unseen predator. He was wondering with quiet concern if the 30-year-old brand would last long. Sensi India, where Mahajan was marketing manager, was taking a long, hard look at the soap, as it was proving to be a strain on resources.

There were varying stories about how Golden Glow was launched. Some said the brand was a \’gift\’ from the departing English parent company. Others claimed that it was created for the then chairman\’s British wife, as the Indian climate did not agree with her skin. They also claimed that the lady also coined the copy \”The honest soap that loves your skin\” was also coined by the lady. The line had stuck through three decades. Only the visuals had changed, with newer models replacing the older ones.

Zeni was basically a speciality products company producing household hygiene, fabricare, and dental care products. Golden Glow was the only soap in its product mix, produced and marketed by Sensi. Its reliable quality and value delivery had earned it a lot of respect in the market. Golden Glow equity was such that Sensi was known as the Golden Glow Company. Indeed, the brand name Golden Glow denoted purity, reliability, and gentle skincare.

In 1994, Sensi UK increased its stake in the Indian subsidiary to 51%. Within months, all of Sensi\’s products were given a facelift, thanks to the inflow of foreign capital. New packaging, new fragrances, new formulations and more variants were introduced.

Only Golden Glow was left untouched. For, although it had a growing skincare business following some strategic acquisitions in Europe in the early eighties, Sensi UK was not a soap company. The UK marketing team ran an audit of every brand and product in the company\’s portfolio. But when it came to Golden Glow, it faltered. \”We don\’t know this one,\” officials at the parent company said.

\”We don\’t want this one to be touched,\” Mahajan had said protectively, a sentiment tliat was endorsed by the managing director, Rajan Sharma. \”Golden Glow is too sacred, we will leave it as it is,\” he said.

But the UK marketing team was confounded. What was a lone soap doing in the midst of toilet cleaners and fabric protectors; they wondered, however they somehow agreed that their proposed revamp strategy would only look at up-gradation, not tinkering with what wasn\’t broken.

Indeed, for 30 long years no one had tampered with the Golden Glow brand. And Mahajan felt there was no reason to start now. Golden Glow, in his view, was a self-sustaining brand. That was a bit of an understatement because advertising for the brand was moderate and Sensi India had never used any promotional gimmick for it.

Now, after four years of nurturing the other categories, Sensi UK had decided to launch its Vio range of skincare products in India. But Golden Glow\’s presence and profile was a major roadblock to Vio\’s success. \”It will create dissonance, confuse our skincare equity and deter the articulation of Vio\’s credo. It will stand out as a genetic flaw,\” argued the UK marketing head. \”You need to do a rethink on Golden Glow.\”

Mahajan protested. \”Why? It has such a strong equity and loyal following. So much has been invested in it all these years. Why give up all that?\”

Rajan, however, had another idea. \”Let us then extend the Golden Glow brand.\” He said It was the simplest solution. Companies were now investing heavily in creating new equities for their brands. But in Golden Glow\’s case, Sensi was already sitting on a brand with a terrific equity. He felt that extending this equity to other categories, such as skincare products would be successful.

But Golden Glow needed a new positioning before it could be extended. Till a few years ago, it had been in premium category, priced at Rs.15. Then new brands with specific positioning and higher price tags entered the market. This created a level above Rs.15 soaps and pushed Golden Glow down to the mid-priced range. So Golden Glow\’s price was not commensurate with its premium position and image.

 

Over the years, Golden Glow had become so sacred that Sensi India had been too scared to do anything to it. As a result, the soap was left with niche category of loyal users. This category neither shrank or increased, just kept getting older and older, and with it the brand also kept growing older. For example, when Mahajan\’s wife had her first baby at 25, her mother had recommended Golden Glow for her dry skin and also for baby\’s tender skin because it contained sesame oil. That was in 1979. Today, Mahajan\’s daughter had turned 21 and was being wooed by Dove, Camay, even Santoor, and Lifebuoy Gold, with their aggressive advertising. Golden Glow had begun to lose its image of being contemporary as newer brands came in with newer values.

Today, at 46, Mahajan\’s wife still used Golden Glow, but when she recommended Golden Glow to her daughter, she said, \”But Golden Glow is a soap for mothers, for older people.\”

That was a major problem. The Golden Glow brand had aged, and Sensi India hadn\’t even been aware of it. While its equity had grown with its users, its personality had aged considerably in the last 30 years. \”I don\’t think you can keep the personality young, unless you keep renewing the brand. The objective now is to widen your equity so that your image becomes young,\” continued Rajan. \”For instance, if today you were to personify a Golden Glow user now, it would be a woman of 45 years using the same brand for many years, who is aver-se to experimenting, very skincare conscious, very trusting, and very one-dimensional. As you can see, this is not a very competitive personality. These are the strengths of our Golden Glow, but these are also its weaknesses,\” he analysed.

The context had changed. Today, youth demanded brands that stood for freedom and fearlessness. They demanded bold brands that dared to cure, not just p;eserve. \”Preservation is for old people. Those are the attributes being presented in evolved markets,\” said Rajan. To make Golden Glow contemporary, the attributes had to be re-framed, he felt. \”You can\’t make a young brand trusting caring, loving, without adding other attributes to it. Today, youth stands for freedom, for laughter, for frankness, for forthrightness. That\’s what Close Up, Lifebuoy Gold, Vatika, and other brands propagate. So, either come clean and say it is for older skin which needs trust and kindness, or reposition the brand,\” said Rajan.

Repositioning was also necessary to address another anomaly in Golden Glow\’s image: its perceived premium. Sensi India had been unable to do anything about Golden Glow slipping into the mid-price range following the entry of more expensive brands. Now, as Rajan mulled over the brand extension plan, Mahajan felt that Golden Glow\’s premium positioning was its core equity and that had to be maintained.

\”If you are premium priced in the consumer\’s mind, your extensions are automatically perceived as premium. So, if you don\’t present the other products as premium, the consumer will not see them as extensions of the brand,\” he said. \”For example, if you are to launch a shampoo which is priced lower than Sunsilk, but higher than Nyle and Ayur, then whatever the rationale, the consumer will not accept your product. \”It is not the Golden Glow I know,\” will be the feeling,\” he said.

Mahajan felt that since premium positioning was one of Golden Glow\’s equity values, it would be very difficult to convince consumers that the brand was being extended without hanging on to this particular value. \”Will they buy your rationale that the very same values and equity would now be available at a low price? To be in the premium segment now, you have to price it at Rs 35 or 40, almost on a par with Dove,\” he said. \”With Dove retailing at Rs 45, Golden Glow will be perceived as a cheaper option.\”

\”We can\’t simply raise the price,\” said Rajan. \”What are we offering for that increase? You can \’t add value because you don\’t want to tamper with the brand. The consumers will then ask, \”Golden Glow used to be so cheap, what has happened now? The user will forget that 15 years ago, Rsl0 was expensive, because all her comparisons would be in today\’ s context,\” said Rajan.

\”So what\’s the option?\” asked Mahajan. \”You don\’t have to be expensive to be premium,\” said Rajan. Golden Glow already has the image of a premium brand, thanks to its time-tested core values of purity, credibility, and reliability. What we can do is reinforce the premium through communication and positioning. In fact) we should have tinkered with Golden Glow long ago. That is what HLL did with Lux. It also launched a bridge brand, Lux International, in the premium category,\” said Rajan.

\”How could we have done anything to the brand?\” asked Mahajan. \”The product had such a strong following. It stood for gold, for sesame oil, for its subtle earthy perfume. We changed the packaging periodically, but that\’s all we could do. Remember the time we brought out a transparent green Golden Glow with the fragrance of lime? It bombed in the market.\”

Rajan was not in favour of the premium positioning. It appeared very short sighted to him, given the bigger plan to extend the brand. \”Where are the volumes in the premium segment? He asked. \”For some reason, every manufacturer feels that skincare can be an indulgence of only the moneyed class. As a result, there is a crowd in the premium end of the market. Do we want to be yet another player in the segment?\”

Fifteen years ago, Golden Glow was perceived as a premium product. But today, globa1brands like Revlon, Coty, and Oriflame were delivering specific premium platforms. Golden Glow did not have a global equity. \’Let us revisit the brand and examine what it stood for 15 years ago and examine the relevance of those attributes in today\’s context,\” suggested Rajan. \”Golden Glow stood for care, consciousness, love, quality and all that. But today, are these enough to justify a premium position?\” he asked Mahajan. \”These attributes are viable in the mid-priced segment.\” He said.

\”The mid-priced brand is the proverbial washer-man\’s dog,\” said Mahajan. \”You don\’t know whether you are at the bottom end of the premium range or at the top-end of the low-priced range. You end up creating an image of being on the opportunity fence. It is a mere pricing ploy, with no strategic value.\”

 

QUESTIONS

  1. Discuss the nature of problem(s) in this case?
  2. Suggest the kind of consumer research needed?
  3. How should Golden Glow be positioned/ repositioned to bring about the desired change among consumers? Give your reasons.
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IIBMS – Golden Glow Soap

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XIBMS – FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

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XIBMS – FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

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XIBMS – FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

  1. (A) Explain the Business Entity concept, Accrual concept and Consistency concept of Accounting.

(b) What do you understand by capitalization of earnings? How is the value of a firm ascertained with the help of its earnings? Explain with an example.

  1. The following is the Trial Balance of Mr. Keshav Kant on 31st March 2006.
Rs. Rs.
Dr. Cr.
Capital – 8,00,000
Drawings 60,000 –
Opening Stock 75,000 –
Purchases 15,95,000 –
Freight on Purchases 25,000 –
Wages (11 months upto 28-2-2006) 66,000 –
Sales – 23,10,000
Salaries 1,40,000 –
Postage & Telephones 12,000 –
Printing and Stationery 18,000 –
Miscellaneous expenses 30,000 –
Creditors – 3,00,000
Investments 1,00,000 –
Discount received – 15,000
Debtors 2,50,000 –
Bad Debts 15,000 –
Provision for Bad Debts – 8,000
Building 3,00,000 –
Machinery 5,00,000 –
Furniture 40,000 –
Commission on Sales 45,000 –
Interest on Investments – 12,000
Insurance (year upto 31 .7 .2006) 24,000 –
Bank Balance 1,50,000 –
34,45,000 34,45,000

Adjustments:

(i) Closing Stock Rs. 2, 25,000.

(ii) Machinery worth Rs. 45,000 purchased on 1.10.2005 was shown as purchases. Freight paid on the machinery was Rs. 5,000 which is included in the Freight on Purchases.

(iii) Commission is payable at 2% on Sales.

(iv) Investments were sold at 10% profit but the entire sale proceeds have been taken as Sales.

(v) Write off Bad Debts Rs. 10,000 and create .a Provision for Doubtful Debts at 5% of Debtors.

(vi) Depreciate Building by 2% p.a. and Machinery and Furniture @ 10% p.a

Prepare Trading and Profit and Loss A/c for the Year ending 31st March 2006 and a Balance Sheet as on that date

  1. Distinguish between Operating Leverage and Financial Leverage. What will be the effect of small change in Sales on Net Income, Return on Equity and Earnings Per Share if both these leverages are considerable? Explain.
  2. (a) What is Production Budget ? What factors are taken into consideration while preparing a Production Budget? Why are separate budgets prepared For each of the elements of production costs? Explain.

(b) What is a Rolling Budget? Why is it prepared? Explain the procedure of its preparation.

  1. An Engineering Company has received an export order for its sole product that would require the use of half of the factory\’s total capacity, which is estimated at 4 lakh units per annum. The condition of the export order is that it has to be accepted in full: acceptance of a part is not allowed

The factory is currently operating at 60% level to meet the demand of its domestic customers. As against the current price of Rs. 6 per unit, the export offer is Rs. 4.70 per unit, which is less than the total cost of current production. The cost break-down is given below:

Direct material: Rs. 2.50 per unit

Direct labour: 1.00 per unit

Variable expenses: 0.50 per unit

Fixed overhead: 1.00 per unit

Total: 5.00 per unit

The company has the following options:

(a) Accept the export order and cut back domestic sales as necessary

(b) Remove the capacity constraint by installing balancing equipment and also by working overtime to meet both domestic and export demand. This will increase fixed overheads by Rs. 15,000 annually and additional cost for overtime work will amount to Rs. 40,000 for the year.

(c) Appoint a sub-contractor to manufacture the additional requirement and meet the domestic and export requirements in full by supplying raw materials, paying a conversion charge @ Rs. 2 per unit and appointing a supervisor at a salary of Rs. 3,000 per month for checking the quality of the product and controlling operations at the manufacturing unit

(d) Refuse the order. You are required to prepare a statement of costs and profits under each of the options and give your recommendation to the company giving the reasons for the same.

 

  1. Aditya Company\’s equity shares are being traded in the market at Rs. 54 per share with a price-earning ratio of 9. The company\’s payout is 72%. It has 1,00,000 equity shares of Rs. 10 each and no preference shares. Book value per share is Rs. 42. You are required to calculate:

(i) Earnings per Share

(ii) Net Income

(iii) Dividend Yield, and

(iv) Return on Equity

  1. Comment on the following statements:

(a) The greater the variability of cash flows, the higher should be the minimum cash balance.

(b) As there is no explicit cost of retained earnings, these funds are free of cost.

(c) Dividend, Investment and Financing decisions are inter-dependent.

(d) Profitability Index is more relevant in the evaluation and ranking of projects than Internal Rate of Return.

  1. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Performance Budget

(b) Amortization of Intangible Assets

(c) Accounting Standards

(d) Funds from Business Operations

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XIBMS – FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

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Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

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Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

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IIBMS – Mouse-Rid

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Case IV

IIBMS – Mouse-Rid

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IIBMS Mouse-Rid : MBA IIBMS

One hot May morning, Shobha, general manager of Innotrap India Ltd., entered her office in Delhi. She paused for a moment to contemplate the quote, which she had framed and hung on a wall facing her table.

\”If a man can make a better mousetrap than his neighbour, the world will make a beaten path to his door.\” She vaguely recalled that probably it was Ralph Waldo Emerson who said this. Perhaps, she wondered, Emerson knew something that she didn\’t. She had the better mousetrap – Mouse­-Rid – but the world didn\’t seem all that excited about it.

Shobha had just returned from a Trade Fair in Kolkata. Standing in the trade show display booth for long hours and answering the same questions hundreds of times had been tiring. Yet, this show had excited her. The Trade Fair officials held a contest to select the best new product introduced at the show. Of the more than 150 new products, her mousetrap had won first place. Two women\’s magazines had written small articles about this innovative mousetrap, however, the expected demand for the trap had not materialised. Shobha hoped that this award might stimulate increased interest and sales.

A group of investors who had obtained rights to market this innovative mousetrap in India had formed Innotrap India in January 2001. In return for marketing rights, the group agreed to pay the inventor and patent holder, a retired engineer, a royalty fee for each trap sold. The group then appointed Shobha as the general manager to develop and manage Innotrap India Ltd.

The Mouse-Rid, a simple yet clever device, is manufactured by a plastics firm under contract with Innotrap India Ltd. It consists of a square, plastic tube measuring about 6 inches long and one and one-half inches- square. The tube bends in the middle at a 30-degree angle, so that when the front part of the tube rests on a flat surface, the other end is elevated. The elevated end holds a removable cap into which the user places bait (piece of bread, or some other titbit). A hinged door is attached to the front endofthe tube. When the trap is \”open\”, this door rests on two narrow \”stills\” attached to the two bottom corners of the door.

The trap works with simple efficiency. A mouse, smelling the bait enters the tube through the open end. As it moves up the angled bottom toward the bait, its weight makes the elevated end of the trap drop downward. This elevates the open end, allowing the hinged door to swing closed, trapping the mouse. Small teeth on the ends of stills catch in a groove on the bottom of the trap, locking the door closed. The mouse can be disposed of live, or it can be left alone for a few hours to suffocate in the trap.

Shobha felt the trap had many advantages for the consumer when compared with traditional spring-loaded traps or poisons. Consumers can use it safely and easily with no risk for catching their fingers while loading. It poses no injury or poisoning threat to children or pets.

Shobha\’s personal and informal inquiries with acquaintances and friends suggested that women are the best target market for the Mouse-Rid. Most women stay at home and take care of household chores and their children. Thus, they want a means of dealing with the mouse problem that avoids any kind of risks. To reach this market,

Shobha decided to distribute Mouse-Rid through grocery stores, and kitchenware stores. She personally contacted a supermarket and some departmental stores to persuade them to carry the product, but they refused saying that they did not sell such contraptions. She avoided any wholesalers and other middlemen.

The traps were packaged in a simple cardboard, with a suggested retail price ofRs.150 for a piece. Although this price made Mouse-Rid about five 1;0 six times more expensive than standard traps, those who bought it showed little price resistance.

To promote the product, Shobha had budgeted approximately Rs. 300,000 toward advertising in different women\’s magazines, such as Grah Shobha, and Good Housekeeping. Shobha was the company\’s only salesperson, but planed to employ sales people soon.

Shobha had forecasted Mouse-Rid\’s first year sales at 2 million units. Through Aril, however, the company had sold only few thousand units. She wondered if most new products got to such slow start, or if she was doing something wrong.

Shobha knew that the investor group believed that Innotrap India Ltd. had a \”once-in-a­ lifetime chance\” with its innovative mousetrap. She sensed the group\’s impatience. To keep the investors happy, the company needed to sell enough traps to cover costs and make a profit.

QUESTIONS

  1. Has Shobha identified the best target market for Mouse-Rid? Why or why not?
  2. Does Shobha have enough needed data on consumer behaviour? What type of consumer research should Shobha conduct?
  3. What type of advertising can influence consumers for this type of product?
\"IIBMS\"

IIBMS Mouse-Rid : MBA IIBMS

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Quality Assurance: Their primary aim is to deliver high-quality content that meets academic standards and fulfills the requirements of the university assignments. This involves thorough research, proper structuring, and adherence to guidelines provided by the educational institution.

Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically appropriate manner. They focus on effective communication to ensure the content is easily understandable to the target audience.

Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

Customization and Client Satisfaction: They tailor their services to individual student needs, providing personalized assistance and ensuring client satisfaction by addressing specific requirements and preferences.

Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

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IIBMS – Star Airways

IIBMS /

Case III

IIBMS – Star Airways

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IIBMS – Star Airways

Star Airways offered passengers air services within the country and served a territory of 18, 000 sq. miles with an expanding population of over 70 lakh of people who are potential users of the airline services. The geographic diversity and scattered business and commercial cities have led to steady increase in the number of people who use air travel. The clientele includes business people, as well as individuals on non-business trips, holidays, and leisure trips etc. As a result, the passenger traffic had been increasing steadily since the firm started operations in 1983. In the last three years, however, the growth has not been consistent with the growth pattern showed by the company in the last fifteen years – as against a healthy growth of 13 per cent, the sales have marginally improved, registering a growth of 6 per cent.

The company\’s early success was due to the pioneering concepts used by it in the airline industry, which was dominated by large private and government operators with little market orientation. The launch of the company\’s services coincided with a boom in the aviation sector and reduced government dominance, which opened up the skies for private operators. Besides this, the company offered a host of innovations in the customer service functions such as smaller and newer planes, convenient schedules, free gifts, comfortable seats, exclusive terminals, express baggage-check, and airport-to hotel transit for its first and business class clients. In turn the fares charged by the company were premium in the category and almost 15 per cent higher than the industry average. The company president in the following words justified this move: \’\’We are selling entirely on the basis of providing quality experience to our clients. Our services, ambience, and commitment to safety and time-bound schedule, all surpass the standards of the industry.\”

During the first ten years of operations the company faced no direct competition. The only problems faced by the marketing staff were (a) the price, (2) the need to convince clients that air service was more efficient than other alternatives, (c) identifying the customers, and more importantly (d) developing the image of a dependable service. The consumers, who till now were forced to put up indifferent service offered by large government operators, did not offer much resistance and were agreeable to try out new company. Once customers were convinced, retaining them was very easy. Hence the company enjoyed immense loyalty from its clients with almost 40 per cent of them being regular users. Sales were handled by the sales division as well as by some independent sales representatives.

In early 1990s the company faced direct competition for the first time with a new company coming up with smaller planes and all other advantages which were previously associated with Star Airways. The growing business had made the market very lucrative and hence in the next three years, four major competitors were also vying for the market share. The company slowly lost to these competitors and could manage to retain only 30 per cent of market share by the end of 1994. All the competitors were engaged in aggressive promotion and soon started a \’price war\’ in order to outdo one another. For the next six months, each of them offered big discounts and gifts (such as TV / audio systems) with the return ticket on different routes. The most profitable and commercia1ly viable routes were the major targets of these price related competitions. The consumer was the ultimate beneficiary and in short time, the companies started facing losses due to this price-cutting.

Star Airways had so far remained out of this ‘price-war’ and lost its market share on the competitive routes very rapidly.  It was able to retain the clients on other routes, which were not a part of this intense competition.  Unhappy an anxious about this state of affairs, the company vice president, marketing, developed a marketing plan with several components.  The initial part of the plan consisted of a market research done on a cross-section of existing clients as well as the clients of competitors and the following observations were made :

 

  • Star Airways was considered a quality-oriented company but many felt that it was getting stodgy.
  • The satisfaction with crew and schedules had declined over the last 5 years amongst regular customers.
  • The clients felt that the airline was losing its edge over customer service because it was non­flexible.
  • The prices offered by competitors are less and they provide only a fraction of services offered by Star Airways. This was the main reason of clients switching over to competitors. As many as 70 per cent respondents considered the costs as the most important factor in deciding on the airline.
  • Some deciding factors and their relative importance to clients were found to be following this pattern.

 

Feature offered by airline Importance of feature as the deciding factor Rank of feature in decision making influence
Price 67% 1
Ambience and food 9% 3
Punctuality 14% 2
Services & convenience 7% 4
Free gifts etc. 3% 5

 

The second phase of the plan included a massive advertising and promotion plan. The VP marketing, Anil Saxena, felt that the company needed to advertise it\’s dedication to quality and rebuild an image of being a customer-oriented airline. He began discussions with the advertising agency to launch a campaign in the near future.

 

After a month, the agency came out with the following recommendations:

 

  • The campaign is to be completed in four months time and the budget will be 351akh.
  • The company would reach 85% of target audience, once in a month by direct mail.
  • Four times a month a TV commercial will be aired on a business show time. The audience TRP is consistent and highest in this category of shows.
  • Star Airways would build the campaign theme around \’quality and customer service initiatives\’ .
  • The direct mail letter would be sent to a database of 85,000 clients in four months. The letter will contain information on the airline and again stress on the same theme of\’ quality and customer service\’.

 

QUESTIONS

 

  1. What is likely to be the decision process in case of choosing an airline?
  2. Would this plan suggested by the vice president help in convincing the customers to use Star Airways? Give your reasons.
\"IIBMS\"

IIBMS – Star Airways

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XIBMS – Corporate Law

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XIBMS – Corporate Law

\"XIBMS

XIBMS – Corporate Law

1.\”All contracts are agreements but all agreements are not contracts.\” Discuss this statement in light of the essential elements of a valid contract. Also mention briefly the different kinds of agreements under the India Contract Act, 1872.

2. Discuss, what are the rights, liabilities and disabilities of a minor as per the Indian Partnership Act, 1932.

3. What do you understand by implied warranties and conditions of sale according to the sale of Goods Act, 1930?

4. Differentiate between lay-off and retrenchment according to the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.

5. Give the provisions related to safety as given in the Factories Act, 1948.

6. What are the characteristics or essential features of a company and briefly mention the types of companies.

7. What do you understand by electronic governance and what are the attributes of electronic records as mentioned in the Information Technology Act, 2000.

8. Discuss the concept of free consent and misrepresentation as per the Indian Contract Act, 1872.

9. Distinguish between private and public company. What are the special privileges of a private company over public company according to Companies Act, 1956?

10. Write short notes on any two of the following:
(a) Cyber regulation
(b) Industrial Dispute
(c) Breach of Contact
(d) Voidable contracts.

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Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically appropriate manner. They focus on effective communication to ensure the content is easily understandable to the target audience.

Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

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Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

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Key to Buyers\’ Minds – Consumer buying research has turned a new leaf in India. The era of demographics seems to be on the backbench.

IIBMS /
CASE II
Key to Buyers\’ Minds

Consumer buying research has turned a new leaf in India. The era of demographics seems to be on the backbench. Now, Marketing Research people are less likely to first ask you about your age, income, and education etc. Instead, there is a distinct shift towards inquiries about attitudes, interests, lifestyles, and behaviour – in short towards a study of consumers\’ minds called psychographics.

Pathfinders, the marketing research wing of Lintas, occasionally came out with its highly respected \”Study on Nation\’s Attitudes and Psychographics (P:SNAP). The first in this series was released in 1987 with an objective to develop a database of lifestyles and psychographics information on the modem Indian women. The second was in 1993, and the third in 1998. Pathfinders choose woman for the study because of the belief that more often than not, in urban areas, it is the woman who makes buying decision.

The Pathfinders\’ study involves interviewing over 10,000 women over the entire country and segmenting them in clusters according to their beliefs, attitudes, lifestyles, and lastly their demographics profile. The idea is to identify groups of consumers with similar lifestyles who are likely to behave towards products or services.

For advertisers and advertising agencies, this profile helps enormously. For example, an advertiser may want to give a westernised touch to a commercial. The profile of the target customer, as revealed by this study, tells the advertising people the perimeter within which she/he must stay, otherwise the ad may become an exaggerated version of westernised India.

For the purpose of this study, Pathfinders divided the Indian women in 8 distinct cluster of varying values and lifestyles. Figures from two studies are available publicly and are given below:

Cluster 1987 (%) 1993 (%)
Troubled homebody 15.9 18.3
Tight-fisted traditionalist 14.8 10.0
Contended conservative 7.0 9.3
Archetypal provider 13.0 8.8
Anxious rebel 14.1 15.8
Contemporary housewife 19.2 22.1
Gregarious hedonist 8.7 6.6
Affluent sophisticate 7.3 9.1

Key to Buyers

The studies seek to track the macro level changes and movements within these 8 clusters in a period of time.

We note from the table that in 1987, 8.7% of the women could be classified as \”gregarious hedonist\” – those who consider their own pleasure to be supreme in life. \’In 1993, this figure fell to 6.6%. The \”troubled homebody\” segment – those with large families and low-income, increased from 15.9% in 1987 to 18.3% in 1993.

Information, such as this, is obviously useful to assess the collective mood. That\’s why Pathfinders have an impressive list of clients fort heir P:SNAP, which includes Hindustan Lever, Cadbury, Johnson and Johnson, and Gillette.

SOME PSYCHOGRAPHICS PROFILES OF INDIAN WOMEN

Rama Devi, the Contended Conservative

The lady lives a \’good\’ life – she is a devoted wife, a dotting mother of two school-going sons, and a God fearing housewife. She has been living her life by the traditional values she cherishes – getting up at the crack of dawn, getting the house cleaned up, having the breakfast of \’Aloo Parathas\’ ready in time before the children\’s school-bus honks its horn, laying down the dress her \’government servant\’ husband will put on after his bath, and doing her daily one-hour Puja. She fasts every Monday for the welfare of her family, looks at the \’freely mixing\’ and \’sexually liberal\’ youngsters with deep disdain and cannot understand the modem young woman\’ s 19reed\’ for money, jewellery, and jobs.

Her one abiding interest outside the household is the Ganesh Mandir that she has visited every Wednesday, ever since she got married. She lacks higher education and hence has little appreciation for the arts, the literature, and the sciences. Her ample spare time is spent watching the TV, which is her prime source of entertainment and information.

Shobha, the Troubled Homebody

Shobha married young to the first person she fell in love with, Prakash. Four children came quickly before she was quite ready to raise a family. Now, she is unhappy. She is having trouble in making ends meet on her husband\’s salary who is employed as clerk in a private business and is often required to work up to late hours. She is frustrated, as her desire for an idyllic life has turned sour. She could not get education beyond high school and hence there are hardly any job opportunities for her. Her husband also keeps on complaining of the long hours of backbreaking work he has to put in. He consumes country-made liquor routinely.

Shobha finds escape in Black and White TV soap operas and films that transport her into the world of her dreams. She watches TV almost all through the day and her children roam around in the locality streets and cannot expect any help from their\’ ever-grumbling\’ mother. Purchases are mostly limited to \’essentials\’ and any discretionary purchases are postponed till it becomes possible.

Key to Buyers

Neeru, the Archetypal Provider

Neeru epitomises simplicity. Her life is untangled. It runs on a set timetable with almost clockwork precision. She works as a primary school teacher in a rural government school about 50 kilometers from her district town residence. She is married to a social worker in an NGO whose income is erratic. Her three children, two teenaged sons and l0-year old daughter are getting school education.

The day begins with the lady getting up before anybody else and finishing the household chores as fast as she can. There is no room for delay as the State government \’Express\’ bus, on which she ravels to her school will be at the bus stop across the road precisely at 8.00 A.M. If she misses that, the next ordinary bus comes at 11.15 A.M, quite useless as it will reach her school only at 1.00 P.M. The school closes at 2.00 P.M. There are private Jeeps running sporadically, but the fare is high and Neeru does not believe in wasting hard earned money. Besides, she travels on husband\’s \’free pass\’. Neeru prides herself on her monthly savings ofRs.1000 for the last many years. The money will go toward the wedding of her daughter.

Vandana, the tight-fisted traditionalist

For Vandana, saving money is \’in-born\’ discipline. When she was young and unmarried, she remembers her mother was extremely tight-fisted and ran the household in under Rs.800 per month. It was the necessity of those times as her father retired at a princely salary of Rs.1800 per month. All through her childhood, she saw deprivation and hardship. She would not join the annual class picnic in her school days as it meant\’ avoidable expenditure\’.

Now she is married and mother of two school going children. The husband works in a bank as a clerk. He has taken all the loans that he could from the bank and invested the money in real estate. As a result of monthly deductions toward repayment of loans, his take home salary is now very little. But Vandana can manage. The school dresses are sewn by her at home, the stationary required comes from a wholesale market, and the books are second-hand from \’friends\’, cultivated for the purpose. On birthdays, Vandana prepares a sweet dish at home and they spend on a film. There is a cow and calf at home, being kept as a source of revenue and milk. She sells half the milk to a neighbour and the family consumes the rest. Life in general is hard and frugal. There is a colour TV at home, but they disconnected the cable connection ever since the rates went up. Now they watch Doordarshan only.

Aditi, the Anxious Rebel

Daughter of a Freedom Fighter, Aditi has always fought her values and principles.

People still remember when she walked out of the exam half in a huff as a mark of protest against mass cheating\’ sanctioned\’ by the centre superintendent in a tough paper. While every body else passed with high marks, Aditi failed.

Even though she repeated the paper, Aditi never learned to swim along the flow. She always swam against the current. She joined the Communist Party in her college and gave rousing speeches against the teachers and authorities. This resulted in her getting very poor marks and left her jobless.

Later, Aditi joined an NGO and now works on social issues. She says she is a creature of the mind, not materialism. Her favourite dress is a long flowing Kurta, and slacks. She wears loosened hair and chappals. She reads voraciously. Financially, she is independent and lives with her parents. Her disdain for the institution of marriage and contempt for the modern Indian male keep her single and unattached. She will continue-to be so as she prefers this status, but may adopt a baby later in life.

Reema, the Gregarious Hedonist

Key to Buyers

Just 19, and Reema is already divorced. Her father is a wealthy businessman. During Reema\’s childhood, her father was mostly away in Dubai and Africa, trying to amass a fortune. That he did but he lost on his chance to be a good father. Both his children started feeling like\’ orphans\’ after their mother got involved with another man.

Reema was ever longing for her family when alone came Harsh, her private high school tuition teacher. Harsh was all of 22 and very caring. He was tall, handsome, and very popular in school and many girls had a crush on him. Reema was sixteen then and a great fan of Harsh. For her, Harsh was a prize catch as he combined the loving qualities of a father with a mix of being a good teacher. She was soon dazzled and surrendered in a physical relationship.

Marriage followed. She never understood how Harsh changed overnight from a caring father figure to a demanding husband. And she could never cope with the six hours she had to spend in the kitchen everyday. Why should she do the cooking, she asked Harsh, as it was something that the \’Ayas\’ did? The reality of a humdrum middle-class existence hit her hard and she soon walked out of \’the hell\’.

Her father understood her need to recover and made her allowance rather generous. He bought her a Red Sports Car and got her an admission in a private college.

College is entertainment for her. She attends college only on days when there is some function like a cultural evening or the sports meet. Now, Reema spends on alcohol, dresses, parties, and holidays. She consumes a mood elevating drug every evening and keeps sending SMS messages on her mobile to her friends all through the night. For her, life means \’buying pleasure endlessly\’.

Shruti, the Contemporary Housewife

Shruti is an urbane woman. She is well educated and genteel. She is an officer in a national bank, and active in her club affairs and community activities. Socialising is an important part of her life. She is a doer, interested in watching cricket, politics, and current affairs. Her life is hectic as she has a lot to do for home and office everyday. Still she often enjoys viewing movies on TV every week.

Shruti shops for Sarees, jewellery, and cosmetics for herself on a regular basis. However, family needs come before her own needs. Her home is a double income household and she has one kid. All the modern gadgets are present and the standard of living is upper middle-class.

Momeeta, the Affluent Sophisticate

Momeeta was born Mamta, but elevated herself to Momeeta after marriage to a business tycoon. Momeeta is an elegant woman with style. She lives in Mumbai because that is where she wants to be. She likes the economic and social aspects of big city living and takes advantage of her\’ contacts\’. She has built up friendship and cultivated the city bigwigs by inviting them to the numerous parties she throws in her luxurious penthouse.

Momeeta is a self-confident, on-the-go woman, and not a homebody. She is fashion conscious and clothes herself in the latest designer dresses. Even at 40, she can carry off a mini with aplomb. She is financial very secure and hence does not shop with care. She shops for quality, exclusivity, and the brand name, not the price. She frequently travels abroad, buys expensive gifts for friends, and has an international understanding on what is \”chic\” at the moment.

Three psychographics profiles of Indian women and their food shopping habits:

Type I Type II Type III
Money conscious Careful shopper Gourmet/satisfaction
Food shopping is done  on necessity and is postponed as long as possible.

 Makes out shopping lists and makes weekly/ monthly purchases.General liking for food shopping and food related activities.Minimum amount of money spent. This is enabled through comparative evaluation of many shops, even if it takes more time.Can purchase larger quantities if there is an incentive like lower prices or a gift scheme. Food budget is flexible.Collects and files food recipes. Experiments with new food products and methods of cooking. Likes to exhibit her culinary skills to her friends and family.

 Operates within the food budget. Does not buy larger quantities to save money.

 Checks labelling for price, nutrition and expiry date informationSpends a lot of time in kitchen as preparing food is an enjoyable activity.Price and immediate outflow of cash is the dominant purchase concern.Goes for tried and trusted brands even if they cost a little more. This is an important purchase concern.Food items are bought either based on the past satisfaction from them or for their novelty value. Unknown food items are purchased if they excite the senses. This is the dominant purchase concern.Who fits in where?

Shobha, Neeru, and Vandana,

Shruti, Aditi, and

Rama Devi

Momeeta (she is a food lover).

Key to Buyers

(Prof Deepak Khanna, colleague, has developed these profiles based on his perceptions of certain personality types).

QUESTIONS

  1. Explain how the above-mentioned information is likely to benefit a marketer?
  2. Which of the above mentioned types are likely to respond to sales promotion? Explain.
  3. A manufacturer of personal care products in the premium segment starts frequent sales promotions. What is likely to be the impact on the above-mentioned types?

At Global Study Solutions, we take immense pride in our ability to offer specialized support to students pursuing various programs at IIBMS (Institute Indian Institute of Business Management & Studies). Our dedicated team comprises experienced professionals who excel in crafting precise and well-researched solutions for assignments and case studies across different disciplines and courses.

Our commitment to aiding students in achieving academic success aligns perfectly with the educational standards upheld by IIBMS Institute (Institute Indian Institute of Business Management & Studies). We understand the importance of delivering high-quality, customized solutions that meet the unique requirements of assignments and case studies within the institute\’s curriculum.

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We are dedicated to fostering an environment of academic excellence and providing dependable support to the esteemed students of IIBMS Institute (Institute Indian Institute of Business Management & Studies).

Key to Buyers

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Key to Buyers\’ Minds – Consumer buying research has turned a new leaf in India. The era of demographics seems to be on the backbench. Read More »

IIBM – SAP Technical Consultant Answer sheet

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IIBM – SAP Technical Consultant Answer sheet

\"\"

Q1. Which one of the following is a key component of the SAP Web application system?

  1. J2EE
  2. VB.Net
  3. Java
  4. SQL

 

Q2. SAP has optimized the data flow between the _______and the _______servers.

  1. SPDD, SPAU
  2. Presentation, application
  3. QAS, PRD
  4. None of the above

 

Q3. ___________ is the SAP transaction that is used to generate the ABAP loads.

  1. SGEN
  2. IMAGE
  3. QAS
  4. SPAU

 

Q4. __________ are areas of temporary storage that help to access more rapidly data and execute ABAP programs faster.

  1. RAM
  2. Buffer
  3. ROM
  4. All of the above

 

Q5. Which Roadmap provides a methodology for the implementation of global customer solutions?

  1. Technical Roadmap
  2. Solution Roadmap
  3. Implementation Roadmap
  4. Global Template Roadmap

 

Q6. The rectangular boxes that are found on nearly every initial and output screen in the SAP system are referred to as_______________

  1. Storage Folder
  2. Central Work Area.
  3. Check Boxes
  4. Data Fields

 

Q7. While entering user profile data, the third step is to____________

  1. Go to the menu bar
  2. Clicks the defaults tab
  3. Maintain user profile popup screen
  4. Click the save button

 

Q8. SAP R/3 is a package of integrated applications called _______ that record and track the activities and costs of doing business.

  1. Module
  2. Tracker
  3. Project
  4. Controller

 

Q9. What allows you to adjust the size and shape of the application window by clicking and dragging it into a new position?

  1. System Data Field
  2. Frame Grabber
  3. Message Field
  4. None of the above

 

Q10. The wait time should fall under 10% of the total _______.

  1. Load Time
  2. Response Time
  3. Database Time
  4. Enqueue Time
\"\"

True & False:

 

Q1. SAP’s standard smart-card authentication allows a “safer” authentication process.

Q2. Proof of obligation is not necessary for confirming and guaranteeing.

Q3. A digital signature is equivalent to the traditional handwritten signature on paper documents.

Q4. The purpose of the project preparation is to provide initial planning and preparation for the SAP project.

Q5. CCMs stand for Common Center Management System.

Q6. HTTP is the default protocol for transferring files on the World Wide Web.

Q7. To send a short message to another SAP user on the same system, select system short message from any screen.

Q8. ABAP processor is a free work process, making optimal use of system resources and balancing the system load.

Q9. Debugger is a task similar to running a program.

Q10. Application Link & Enables (ALE) not allow integration between applications in distributed Systems.

Q11. Explain the Process for starting & stopping SAP systems.

Q12. Distinguish between SPADD and SPAPU.

Q13. Define ‘Lightweight Directory Access Protocol’.

Q14. Explain the Repository Information System.

Q15. Explain the Installation and Planning Concepts of SAP.

Q16. Describe the ABAP dictionary in the SAP System.

Q17. What is the SAP upgrade Project & explain its key success factors.

Q18. Explain the different types of buffering tables.

Q19. Explain the steps for the creation process of a Web Dynpro Application.

Q20. Explain the User Master Record Fids and its available options. Briefly.

 

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Our commitment to aiding students in achieving academic success aligns perfectly with the educational standards upheld by IIBM Institute (IIBM Institute of Business Management). We understand the importance of delivering high-quality, customized solutions that meet the unique requirements of assignments and case studies within the institute\’s curriculum.

Whether in MBA, EMBA, GMS, DMS, or any other programs offered at IIBM Institute (IIBM Institute of Business Management), our team is equipped to provide expert guidance and meticulously crafted solutions. We prioritize accuracy, originality, and timely delivery; ensuring students receive the necessary assistance to excel academically.

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Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically appropriate manner. They focus on effective communication to ensure the content is easily understandable to the target audience.

Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

Customization and Client Satisfaction: They tailor their services to individual student needs, providing personalized assistance and ensuring client satisfaction by addressing specific requirements and preferences.

Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

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XIBMS – CORPORATE LAW   

XIBMS /

XIBMS – CORPORATE LAW

\"XIBMS\"

XIBMS – CORPORATE LAW   

Q.1. In the following statements only one is correct statement.  Explain Briefly?  

i) An invitation to negotiate is a good offer.

ii) A quasi-contract is not a contract at all.

iii) An agreement to agree is a valid contract.

 

Q.2. A ship-owner agreed to carry to cargo of sugar belonging to A from Constanza to Busrah.  He knew that there was a sugar market in Busrah and that A was a sugar merchant, but did not know that he intended to sell the cargo, immediately on its arrival.  Owning to Shipment’s default, the voyage was delayed and sugar fetched a lower price than it would have done had it arrived on time.  A claimed compensation for the full loss suffered by him because of the delay.  Give your decision.  Explain Briefly?

 

Q.3. The proprietors of a medical preparation called the “Carbolic Smoke Ball” published in several newspapers the following advertisement:-

“£ 1000 reward will be paid by the Carbolic Smoke Ball Co. to any person who contracts the increasing epidemic influenza after having used the Smoke Ball three times daily for two weeks according to printed directions supplied with each ball. £ 1000 is deposited with the Alliance Bank showing our sincerity in the matter.

On the faith in this advertisement, the plaintiff bought a Smoke Ball and used it as directed. She was attacked by influenza.  She sued the company for the reward.  Will she succeed?  Explain Briefly

Q.4. Fazal consigned four cases of Chinese crackers at Kanpur to be carried to Allahabad on the 30th May, 1987.  He intended to sell them at the Shabarat festival of 5th June 1987.  The railway discovered that the consignment could not be sent by passenger train and asked Fazal either to remove them or authorize their dispatch by goods train.  He took no action and the goods arrived at Allahabad a month after they were booked.

Fazal filed a suit against Railways for damages due to late delivery of the goods which deprived him of the special profits at the festival sale.  Decide & explain briefly ?

 

Q.5. ‘Lifeoy’ Soap company advertised that it would give a reward of Rs. 2000 who contracted skin disease after using the ‘Lifeoy’ soap of the company for a certain period according to the printed directions.  Mrs. Jacob purchased the advertised ‘Lifeboy’ and contracted skin disease inspite of using this soap according to the printed instructions.  She claimed reward of Rs. 2000. The claim is resisted by the company on the ground that offer was not made to her and that in any case she had not communicated her acceptance of the offer.  Decide whether Mrs. Jacob can claim the reward or not.  Give reasons. Explain briefly?

Q.6. In each set of statements, only one is correct.  State the correct statements & Explain briefly?

a) i) A bailee has a general lien on the goods bailed.

ii) The ownership of goods pawned passes to the pawnee.

iii) A gratuitous bailment can be terminated by the bailor even before the stated time.

b) i) A substituted agent is as good an agent of the agent as a sub- agent.

ii) An ostensible agency is as effective as an express agency.

iii) A principal can always revoke an agent’s authority.   

Q.7. A, an unpaid seller, sends goods to B by railway.  B becomes insolvent And A sends a telegram to Railway authorities not to deliver the goods to B. B. goes to the Parcel office of Railway Yard and by presenting R. R.  (Railway Receipt) takes delivery of the goods and starts putting them in the cart.  Meanwhile the Station Master comes running with the telegram in hand and takes possession of the goods from B.  Discuss the rights of A and B to the goods in possession of Railway authorities.

 

Q.8. X needs Rs. 10,000 but cannot raise this amount because his credit is not good enough.  Y whose credit is good accommodates.  X by giving him a pronote made out in favour of X, though Y owes no money to X.  X endorses the pronote to Z for value received.    Z who is holder in due course demands payment from Y.  Can Y refuse and plead the arrangement between him and X Explain briefly?

 

Q.9. Will C has the right of further negotiation in the following cases: (B signs the endorsements) Explain briefly? 

i) ‘Pay C for my use’

ii) ‘Pay C’)

iii) ‘Pay C or order for the account of B’

 

Q.10.  A promissory note was made without mentioning any time for payment.  The holder added the words’ on demand on the face of the instrument.  State whether it amounted to material alteration and explain the effect of such alteration.  Explain briefly?

Q.11. State whether the following instruments are valid promissory notes:

i) I promise to pay Rs. 5000 to B on the dearth of ‘B’s uncle provided that D in his will gives me a legacy sufficient for the promise of payment of the said sum.

ii) I hereby acknowledge that I owe X Rs. 5,000 on account of rent due and I agree that the said sum will be paid be me in regular installments.

iii) I acknowledge myself indebted to B in Rs. 5000 to be paid on demand for value received.

 

Q.12. A Payee holder of a bill of exchange.  He endorses it in blank and delivers it to B.  B endorses in full to C or order.  C without endorsement transfers the bill to D.  State giving reasons whether D as bearer of the bill of exchange is entitled to recover the payment from A or B or C.  Explain briefly?

Q.13. Write a short note on the Doctrine of Indoor Management? Explain briefly?

 

Q.14. The shareholders at an annual general meeting passed a resolution for the payment of dividend at a rate higher than that recommended by the Board of Directors.  Examine the validity of the resolution. Explain briefly? 

 

Q.15.  In a prospectus issued by a company the Managing Director stated that the company had paid dividend every year during 1921 – 27, which was a fact.  However, the company had sustained losses during the relevant period and had paid dividends out of secret reserves accumulated in the past.  Examine the consequences of the observation made by the Managing Director. Explain briefly?

 

Q.16. In a prospectus issued by a company the Managing Director stated that the company had paid dividend every year during 1921-27, which was a fact.  However, the company had sustained losses during the relevant period and had dividends out of secret reserves accumulated in the past.  Examine the consequences of the observation made by the Managing Director.  Explain briefly?

Q.17.   A buys from B 400 shares in a company on the faith of a share certificate issued by the company.  A tender to the company a transfer deed duly executed together with B’s share certificate.  The company discovers that the certificate in the name of B has been fraudulently obtained and refuses to register the transfer. Advise A. Explain briefly?

Q.18. A insured his house against fire.  Later while insure, A killed his wife, severely injured his only son, set fire to the house and died in the fire.  The son survived and sued the insurer for the fire loss, advice the insurer.  Explain briefly?

 

Q.19. a) Satrang Singh admitted his only infant son in a private nursing home.  As a result of strong dose of medicine administered by the nursing attendant, the child has become mentally retarded. Satrang Singh wants to make a complaint to the District Forum under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 seeking relief by way of compensation on the ground that there was deficiency in service by the nursing home.  Does his complaint give rise to a consumer dispute?  Who is the consumer in the instant case? Explain briefly?

b) Smart booked a motor vehicle through one of the dealers. He was informed subsequently that the procedure for purchasing the motor vehicle had changed and was called upon to make further payment to continue the booking before delivery.  On being aggrieved, Smart filed a complaint with the State Commission under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986.  Will he succeed? Explain briefly?

c) Brittle and Company, a small-scale industry, sought nursing and financing facilities from its bankers by means of grant of further advances and adequate margin money in anticipation of good demand for its products. In failing to obtain this and having become sick, it proceeds against its bankers under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986, Will it succeed?  Explain briefly?

 

Q.20. X who was working as a truck driver had taken a general insurance policy to cover the risk of injuries for a period from 1.11.1998 to 30.11.1999.  He renewed the policy for a further period of one year on 10.11.1999.  On the same day, he met with an accident and suffered multiple injuries including fractures.  X submitted the claim along with documents to the insurance company. The insurance company repudiated the claim on the ground that the premium for the renewed policy was received in the office only at 2.30 p.m. on 10.11.1999, while the accident had taken place at 10.00 a.m. on that day and hence there was no policy at the time of accident.  Will X succeed if he files a complaint against the insurance company for this claim? Explain briefly?

Q.21. Avinash booked his goods with Superfast Freight Carriers at Delhi for being carried to Ferozabad.  The goods receipt note mentioned that all the disputes would be subject to jurisdiction of the Mumbai Court. Avinash lodged a complaint for certain deficiency in service against the transporter in the District Forum at Delhi.  Superfast Carriers contested that District Forum at Delhi had no jurisdiction to entertain the complaint as the head office of the transporter was at Mumbai and the jurisdiction has been clearly stated in the goods receipt not.  Is the contention of the transporter tenable? Explain briefly?

Q.22.With reference to the provisions of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986, decide the following giving reasons in support of your answer.

i) Sukh Dukh Ltd. dispatched certain consignments of goods by road through Fastrack Roadways Ltd. The goods were unloaded and stored in a godown enroute on the suggestion of consignee. A fire broke out in the neighbouring godown spread to the godown and goods were destroyed.  The Fastrack Roadways Ltd. claimed that there was neither negligence nor deficiency in service on their part and goods were being carried at “Owner risk” and since no special premium was paid, they were not responsible for the loss caused by fire.  Whether Fastrack Roadways Ltd. is liable to pay damages to consignor?

ii) Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) formulated a scheme called ‘salary saving scheme’ under which employees of an organisation could buy an insurance policy. Premium due on each policy was collected by the employer from the salary of the employees nor did it issue any premium notice.  When the widow of the deceased employee made a claim to LIC on the death of her husband, the LIC repudiated the claim on the ground that four installments of premium had not been paid.  The widow was approached the consumer forum for redressal. Is the LIC liable for deficiency in service? Explain?

iii)   Raman booked a ticket from Delhi to New York by Lufthansa Airlines.  The airport authorities in New Delhi did not find any fault in his visa and other documents.  However, at Frankfurt airport authorities instituted proceedings of verification because of which Raman missed his flight to New York.  After necessary verification, Raman was able to reach New York by the next flight.  The airline authorities’ tendered apology to Raman for the inconvenience caused to him and also paid as goodwill gesture a sum of Rs. 5,000.  Raman intends to institute proceedings under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 against Lufthansa Airlines for deficiency in service.  Will he succeed?

 

Q.23.With reference to the provisions of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986, decide the following giving reasons in support of your answer.

i) Sohn sent all relevant documents in an envelope regarding consignment of goods to a buyer in the USA through Fast Service Couriers. The documents did not reach the buyer as a consequence of which the buyer could not take delivery of the goods.  By the time the duplicate copies of the document had been received by the buyer, the season of the goods was over.  He claimed that he had suffered a loss of US $ 5,000 as a result of the negligence of the courier.  The State Commission ordered the payment to be made by the Fast Service Couriers, but the National Commission in appeal reversed the order and ordered payment of US $ 100 only as per the receipt issued by the Fast Service Courier to the consignor at the time of the dispatch of the latter.  Advise Sohan.

ii) Mahesh purchased a machine from Astute Ltd. to operate it himself for earning his liverhood. He took the assistance of a person to assist him in operating the machine.  The machine developed fault during the warranty period. He filed a claim in the consumer forum against the company for deficiency in service.  Astute Ltd. alleged that Mahesh did not operate the machine himself but had appointed a person exclusively to operate the machine.  Will Mahesh succeed?

iii)   Pillai purchased a car by taking a loan from Kerala cooperative Bank Ltd. and gave post-dated cheques to the bank not only in respect of repayment of loan instalments but also of premium of insurance policy for two succeeding years. On the expiry of the policy.  Pillai’s car met with an accident.  Will Pillai succeed in getting a claim against the Bank ?

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Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

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Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

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IIBM – Sales Management Answer sheet

IIBM /

IIBM – Sales Management Answer sheet

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Q1. Sales executives have responsibilities for coordination which involves

  1. Individual
  2. The organization
  3. The company
  4. None of the above

Q2. Who researched buyer-seller Dyads in the Life Insurance business

  1. Hanri Tosi
  2. McMurry
  3. Arnold
  4. Franklin Evans

Q3. The formula for calculating Gross Margin is

  1. Sales – Cost of sales
  2. Gross profit – Cost of sales
  3. Sales – Expenses
  4. None of the above

Q4. Coach- and – pupil method is

  1. Company Information
  2. Sales Technique
  3. On – the – just Training
  4. Both (a) & (c)

Q5. Term in which ratio measures the effectiveness of sales personnel in securing order

  1. “Lowering Average”
  2. “Batting Average”
  3. “Multiple Average”
  4. None of the average

Q6. The district sales manager and planning report is called

  1. Manager plan
  2. District plan
  3. District sales plan
  4. None of the above

Q7. Numerical expression indicating the degree to which one or more factors associated with a given product demand is

  1. Sales Index
  2. Product Index
  3. Market Index
  4. Company Index

Q8. The event that strengthens the buyer\’s tendency to make a particular response is called

  1. Reinforcement
  2. Cue
  3. Drives
  4. Both (a) & (b)

Q9. 2 Types of drive in the learning process are

  1. Innate and learned drive
  2. Mutual and learned drive
  3. Innate and mutual drive
  4. None of the above

Q10. The weak stimuli that determine when the buyer will respond

  1. Cue
  2. Response
  3. Drive
  4. None of the above
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Part Two:

Q1. Write a short note on “Sales Resistance”.

Q2. What is “Controlling Selling Expenses”?

Q3. Write a short note on “Product Line Policy”.

Q4. What do you understand by “Straight-Commission Plan”?

Q5. Evaluate the Allen Specialty Company’s organization and plan for coordinating sales and advertising.

Q6. How should Biggerstaff answer Halloram’s complaint?

Q7. Evaluate Holden’s recruiting program, suggesting whether or not the company should have continued its college recruiting of sales engineers.

Q8. What criteria should a good sales engineer should implement to uplift the company sales?

Q9. Write in brief about the motivation of sales personnel.

Q10. Write in brief about setting up a sales organization.

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Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically appropriate manner. They focus on effective communication to ensure the content is easily understandable to the target audience.

Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

Customization and Client Satisfaction: They tailor their services to individual student needs, providing personalized assistance and ensuring client satisfaction by addressing specific requirements and preferences.

Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

IIBM – Sales Management Answer sheet Read More »

Sunder Singh – What does the purchase of a product like Nike mean to Sunder Singh

IIBMS /
CASE I  Sunder Singh

Sunder Singh had studied only up to high school. He was 32-years of age, lived alone in a rented room, and worked eight-hour shift at one petrol pump, then went to the other one for another eight-hour shift. He had a girl friend and was planning to marry.

One day when he returned from work, he got a note from his girl friend that she was getting married to someone else and he need not bother her. This was a terrible shock to Sunder Singh and he fell apart. He stopped going to work, spent sleepless nights, and was very depressed. After a month, he was running Iowan his savings and approached his earlier employers to get back his job, but they would not give him a second chance. He had to quit his rented room, and sold few things that he had. He would do some odd jobs at the railway station or the bus terminal.

One day, nearly two years ago, he was very hungry and did not have any money and saw a young man selling newspapers. He asked him what he was selling and he told him about Guzara (an independent, non-profit, independent newspaper sold by the homeless, and economically disadvantaged men and women of this metro city). Sunder Singh approached the office and started selling the newspaper. He did not make a lot of money, but was good at saving it. He started saving money for a warm jacket for next winter.

He was reasonably happy; he had money to buy food, and no longer homeless and shared a room with two others. One day, with his savings he bought a pair of second-hand Nike shoes from flea market.

Sunder Singh is not unique among low-income consumers, especially in large cities, in wanting and buying Nike shoes. Some experts believe that low-income consumers too want the same products and service that other consumers want.

The working poor are forced to spend a disproportionate percent of their income on food, housing, utilities, and healthcare. They solely rely on public transportation, spend very little on entertainment of any kind, and have no security of any kind. Their fight is mainly day-to-day survival.

Sunder Singh

QUESTIONS

  1. What does the purchase of a product like Nike mean to Sunder Singh?
  2. What does the story say about our society and the impact of marketing on consumer behavior?

At Global Study Solutions, we take immense pride in our ability to offer specialized support to students pursuing various programs at IIBMS (Institute Indian Institute of Business Management & Studies). Our dedicated team comprises experienced professionals who excel in crafting precise and well-researched solutions for assignments and case studies across different disciplines and courses.

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IIBM – Sales and Distribution Management Answer sheet

IIBM /

IIBM – Sales and Distribution Management Answer sheet

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Multiple Choices:

 

Q1. Out of the following, which gap arises when the sales force does not have the required knowledge, skills or capabilities to become successful on the Job?

  1. Knowledge gap
  2. Capability gap
  3. Methods gap
  4. Training gap

Q2. This method is used by the trainers to present more information in a short time to a large number of participants.

  1. Lecture
  2. Demonstration
  3. Group discussion
  4. None of the above

Q3. It improves on traditional computer-based training by making the information available to the salesperson immediately and in a personalized manner.

  1. Distance Learning
  2. Interactive Multimedia Training
  3. Mentoring
  4. Electronic Performance Support System

Q4. These are preprogrammed computer packages, and are based on reality:

  1. Role Playing
  2. Case Studies
  3. Simulation Games
  4. Job Rotation

Q5. The responsibility which includes dealing with stakeholders with fairness impartiality and equality is known as:

  1. Ethical Responsibilities
  2. Legal Responsibilities
  3. Economic Responsibilities
  4. Voluntary Responsibilities

Q6. They are the shopkeepers who set up shops in the marketplace to cater to the needs of hundreds of consumers.

  1. Distributors
  2. Wholesalers
  3. Agents
  4. Retailers

Q7. This strategy is to make sure that the product is made available in as many outlets as possible so that anywhere the consumer go, he or she should be able to get the product of his choice.

  1. Exclusive Distribution
  2. Selective Distribution
  3. Intensive Distribution
  4. Distribution Channel

Q8. This is the stage of the birth of multiple retail formats to please the customer.

  1. Stage of Infancy (Childhood)
  2. Meeting Customer Expectations (Youth)
  3. Shift in the power equation (Adulthood)
  4. Consolidation (Maturity)

Q9. It is the identity that the store develops for itself in terms of what it has to offer the customers.

  1. Positioning Strategy
  2. Product Differentiation Strategy
  3. Operational Strategy
  4. Targeting

Q10. It is the most convenient size of the product that the customer can buy at a time.

  1. Lot Size
  2. Waiting Time
  3. Choice of the consumer
  4. Place Utility
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Part Two:

Q1. What is Channel Conflict?

Q2. What is an Information System? What is the purpose of Information Systems?

Q3. State the different categories of Inventory.

Q4. What is Electronic Data Interchange?

Q5. What improvements do you suggest in the staffing process followed by the company?

Q6. Was Sunil Kumar right in getting market surveys done by the new salesperson?

Q7. How can you help Snow White become less dependent on the selling agents and plan its sales and profitability better? How can they plan their customer service efforts?

Q8. Explain in detail the Role of Retailers.

Q9. How does the availability of the Internet impact International sales?

Q10. What are the basic concepts of Sales Organization? Explain any one of those concepts.

 

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Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

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Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

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IIBM – Safety Management Answer sheet

IIBM /

IIBM – Safety Management Answer sheet

\"\"

 Multiple choices:

  1. In the 5‟S to good housekeeping leading to a cleaner, better & safer workplace, what is meant by SIESO?
  2. Sort
  3. Systematize
  4. Sweep
  5. Sanitize
  1. When the car in front is about to turn the right then what step should be taken?
  2. Overtake only on the right
  3. Overtaking on the left
  4. Overtaking is not permissible
  5. None of these
  1. OSHA stands for_____________
  2. Organizational Safety and Health Administration
  3. Organizational Security and Health Application
  4. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
  5. Occupational Safety and Health Advantage
  1. Which of the following is not the visible cost of an accident?
  2. Loss of production
  3. Medical cost
  4. Legal cost
  5. Overhead cost
  1. BBS stands for_____________
  1. PPE Stands for_________.
  2. Which of the following does not come under the 5E‟s for accident prevention?
  1. Engineering
  2. Enforcement
  3. Executing
  4. Enforcement
  1. Spoiled work, loss of prestige, and funeral expenses come under which type of cost?
  2. Visible
  3. Invisible
  4. Both a & b
  5. None of these
  1. Which of the following is the basic element of safety organization?
  2. Assignment of responsibility
  3. An accident record systems
  4. Maintenance of safe working conditions
  5. All of the above
  1. What is the full form of ABC in safety?
  2. Always better control
  3. Always be careful
  4. Attitude behavior culture
  5. None of the above
\"\"

 Part Two:

  1. What are the 5Es for accident prevention?
  2. Explain the advantages of safety training.
  3. List the basic prevention measures of industrial fire.
  4. List the tips for road safety.

 Case let 1

 Questions:

  1. How could this “accident” have been avoided? How would you recommend preventing occurrence of a similar accident in the future?

 Case let 2

 Question:

  1. What do you think the management representative should do? Should this union demand be granted?
  2. Explain the “Do‟s” and “Don‟ ts” of electrical safety.
  3. Define „Hazard‟. Explain types of „Industrial hazards‟?

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Whether in MBA, EMBA, GMS, DMS, or any other programs offered at IIBM Institute (IIBM Institute of Business Management), our team is equipped to provide expert guidance and meticulously crafted solutions. We prioritize accuracy, originality, and timely delivery; ensuring students receive the necessary assistance to excel academically.

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Academic writing professionals play a crucial role in assisting students with their university assignments, striving to achieve several key goals:

Quality Assurance: Their primary aim is to deliver high-quality content that meets academic standards and fulfills the requirements of the university assignments. This involves thorough research, proper structuring, and adherence to guidelines provided by the educational institution.

Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically appropriate manner. They focus on effective communication to ensure the content is easily understandable to the target audience.

Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

Customization and Client Satisfaction: They tailor their services to individual student needs, providing personalized assistance and ensuring client satisfaction by addressing specific requirements and preferences.

Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

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IIBM – Risk Management Answer sheet

IIBM /

IIBM – Risk Management Answer sheet

\"\"

Multiple Choices:

Q1. It represents the owner’s stake in the bank & it serves as a cushion for depositors & creditors to fall back on in case of losses.

  1. Capital
  2. Reserve & Surplus
  3. Deposits
  4. Borrowings

Q2. This involves evaluating whether a bank has sufficient liquidity depends in large measure on the behavior of cash flows under different conditions.

  1. The maturity ladder
  2. Alternative Scenarios
  3. Measuring liquidity over the chosen time frame
  4. Assumptions used in determining cash flows

Q3. This is the risk of adverse deviations of the mark-to-market value of the trading portfolio, due to market movements; during the period required to liquidate the transactions.

  1. Market Risk
  2. Liquidation Risk
  3. Market liquidity Risk
  4. Credit & counterparty Risk

Q4. __________ is buying or selling an asset only to make a profit from the movement of the asset price over some time.

  1. Arbitrage
  2. Derivatives
  3. D-mat account
  4. Speculation

Q5. A combination of spot & forward transactions is called a ___________

  1. Advances
  2. Foreign bills
  3. Swap
  4. Loans

Q6. __________ Money refers to placement of funds beyond overnight for periods not exceeding 14 days.

  1. Call money
  2. Notice money
  3. Term money
  4. None

Q7. A short-term debt market paper issued by a corporate, with a maximum maturity of 1 year.

  1. Treasury Bills
  2. Certificates of deposit
  3. Repo
  4. Commercial paper

Q8. It refers to the ability of a business concerned to borrow or build up assets, based on a given capital.

  1. Leverages
  2. Confirmation
  3. DVP
  4. Volatility

Q9. __________ Limits are kept in place to protect the bank from credit risk.

  1. Exposure ceiling
  2. Stop-loss
  3. Organizational controls
  4. Limits on trading positions

Q10. RAROC stands for _____________________.

\"\"

Part Two:

Q1. Differentiate between options and forward contracts.

Q2. Write down the steps that are taken by RBI to encourage the derivative market.

Q3. What is the Basic Indicator Approach (BIA)?

Q4. Write a short note on profitability in Indian Banks.

Q5. Critically analyze the strategies adopted by Dinesh to retain the leading position.

Q6. What additional steps Dinesh could have taken to improve the profitability?

Q7. Evaluate the company’s investment decision with specific reference to the Agra plant.

Q8. Had you been the finance manager, would you accept Ford Motors\’ proposal? Why?

Q9. Do you think the finance manager needs to be concerned about the low depreciation provision? Why?

Q10. What according to you is the source of finance available to Ramakrishna Motors Ltd in case it is required to finance the Ford proposal for the Agra plant?

Q11. “When a steel company goes bankrupt, other companies in the same industry benefit because they have one less competitor. But when a bank goes bankrupt, other banks do not necessarily benefit.” Explain this statement.

Q12. “The existence of deposit insurance makes it particularly important for there to be regulations on the amount of capital banks hold.” Explain this statement.

 

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IIBM Meerut

IIBM Patna

IIBM Guwahati

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IIBM Bangalore

At Global Study Solutions, we take immense pride in our ability to offer specialized support to students pursuing various programs at IIBM Institute (IIBM Institute of Business Management). Our dedicated team comprises experienced professionals who excel in crafting precise and well-researched solutions for assignments and case studies across different disciplines and courses.

Our commitment to aiding students in achieving academic success aligns perfectly with the educational standards upheld by IIBM Institute (IIBM Institute of Business Management). We understand the importance of delivering high-quality, customized solutions that meet the unique requirements of assignments and case studies within the institute\’s curriculum.

Whether in MBA, EMBA, GMS, DMS, or any other programs offered at IIBM Institute (IIBM Institute of Business Management), our team is equipped to provide expert guidance and meticulously crafted solutions. We prioritize accuracy, originality, and timely delivery; ensuring students receive the necessary assistance to excel academically.

We are dedicated to fostering an environment of academic excellence and providing dependable support to the esteemed students of IIBM Institute.

IIBM Answer Sheets

Customized Answer Solutions

MBA Assignment Solutions

EMBA Case Study Solutions

GMS Answer Sheets

DMS Assignment Help

Professional Writing Assistance

Tailored Academic Solutions

Comprehensive Answer Sheets

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IIBM Master Program in Digital Marketing and Sales answer sheets

Get expert assistance with your IIBM Institute (IIBM Institute of Business Management). Assignments and answer sheets from our professional academic writing services.

Our team specializes in supporting students with IIBM Institute coursework, ensuring top-notch answer sheets and comprehensive solutions.

Ace, with our tailored assistance, your IIBM Institute exams, offering precise guidance and accurate answer sheet preparation.

Seeking reliable help for your IIBM Institute studies? Trust our academic writing services for meticulously crafted answer sheets and exceptional support.

Score high in your IIBM Institute (IIBM Institute of Business Management).  Assessments by availing our expert aid in preparing comprehensive and well-structured answer sheets.

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Project Research and Analysis

MBA/EMBA/GMS/DMS Project Reports

IIBM Institute (IIBM Institute of Business Management).  Assignments, solved papers, and study materials are available through our academic writing services.

Seeking assistance with IIBM Institute coursework? Our professional team delivers accurate and timely solutions for all your academic needs.

Our specialized academic writing support simplifies access to IIBM Institute question papers and model answers.

Need expert guidance for your IIBM Institute assessments? Our service offers comprehensive solutions for students seeking assistance.

Our academic writing services ensure precise and high-quality answers for IIBM Institute assignments, aiding students in their educational journey.

Academic writing professionals play a crucial role in assisting students with their university assignments, striving to achieve several key goals:

Quality Assurance: Their primary aim is to deliver high-quality content that meets academic standards and fulfills the requirements of the university assignments. This involves thorough research, proper structuring, and adherence to guidelines provided by the educational institution.

Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically appropriate manner. They focus on effective communication to ensure the content is easily understandable to the target audience.

Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

Customization and Client Satisfaction: They tailor their services to individual student needs, providing personalized assistance and ensuring client satisfaction by addressing specific requirements and preferences.

Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

IIBM – Risk Management Answer sheet Read More »

Harley-Davidson, Inc. – Harley-Davidson, Inc., founded in 1903, is the only remaining American motorcycle manufacturer, although there are some new upstart companies.

IIBMS /
CASE: V   Harley-Davidson, Inc.

  Harley-Davidson, Inc., founded in 1903, is the only remaining American motorcycle manufacturer, although there are some new upstart companies. During the 1950s and 1960s, Harley-Davidson has virtual monopoly on the heavyweight motorcycle market. Japanese manufacturers entered the market in the 1960s with lightweight motorcycles backed by huge marketing programs that increased demand for motorcycles. These manufacturers, which included Honda, Kawasaki, Suzuki, and Yamaha, eventually began building larger bikes that competed directly with Harley-Davidson.

Recognizing the potential for profitability in the motorcycle market, American Machine and Foundry (AMF, Inc.) purchased Harley-Davidson in 1969. AMF almost tripled production to 75,000 units annually over a four-year period to meet increased demand. Unfortunately, product quality deteriorated significantly.

More than half the cycles came off the assembly line missing parts, and dealers had to fix them to make sales. Little money was invested in improving design or engineering. The motorcycles leaked oil, vibrated badly, and could not match the excellent performance of the Japanese products. Although hard-core motorcycle enthusiasts were willing to fix their Harleys and modify them for better performance, new motorcycle buyers had neither the devotion nor the skill to do so.

In late 1975, AMF put Vaughn Beals in charge of Harley-Davidson. Beals set up a quality control and inspection program that began to eliminate the worst of the production problems. However, Beals and the other senior managers recognized that it would take years to upgrade the quality and performance of their products to compete with the faster, high-performance of their products to compete with the faster, high-performance Japanese bikes.

To stay in business while the necessary changes in design and product were being accomplished, the executives turned to William G. Davidson, Harley’s styling vice president. Known as “Willie G.” and a grandson of one of the company founders, he frequently mingled with bikers and, with his beard, black leather, and jeans, was accepted by them. Willie G. understood Harley customers and noted:

They really know what they want on their bikes: the kind of instrumentation, the style of bars., the cosmetics of the engine, the look of the exhaust pipes, and so on. Every little piece on a Harley is exposed, and it has to look just right. A tube curve or the shape of a timing case can generate enthusiasm or be a total turnoff. It’s almost like being in the fashion business.

          Willie G. designed a number of new models by combining components form existing models. These included the Super Glide, the Electra Glide, the Wide Glide, and the Low Rider. Although these were successful, Harley-Davidson was still losing market share to Japanese competitors that continued to pour new bikes into the heavyweight Market.

By 1980, AMF was losing interest in investing in the recreational market and sold the company to 13 senior Harley executives in a leveraged buyout on June 16, 1981. Although the company was starting to make money in the early 1980, its creditors wanted payment, and Harley-Davidson nearly had to file for bankruptcy at the end of 1985. However, through some intense negotiations, it stayed in business and rebounded to become a highly profitable company.

In 1996, Harley-Davidson controlled more than 47 percent of the heavyweight (651cc and larger) motorcycle market, far more than its all-time low of 23 percent. Its products are considered to have “bulletproof reliability” because of manufacturing and management changes that resulted in products of excellent quality.

Owners of Harleys are highly brand loyal, and more than 94 percent of them state they would buy another Harley. The company sponsors the Harley Owner Group (HOG), which has more than 1,200 chapters and 750,000 members worldwide. Executives of the company frequently meet with chapters to obtain suggestions for product improvements.

In 2002, Harley sold 215,454 motorcycles domestically and 48,199 in the global market. It also sold 10,943 Buell motorcycles in that year. Its net revenue for 2002 was over $4 trillion, about double its 1998 net revenue. Its net income for 2002 was $580 million compared to $213 million 5 years earlier. In 2003, its 100th anniversary product line included 7 Softail models, 7 Sportster models, 5 Dynaglide models, and 7 Touring models. In addition, its VRSCA V-Rod, a new-style, $17,000 Harley was selling quickly even though it was a departure for the retro look of traditional Harleys.

Harley-Davidson motorcycles are distributed worldwide by a network over 1,300 dealers. These dealers typically have upgraded facilities that merchandise not only motorcycles and service but also a variety of parts, clothing, and accessories. Clothing and accessories are highly profitable items that enhance the motorcycle-owning and riding experience. For more information, visit the company’s website at www.Harley-Davidson.com.

Question:

  1. What kind of consumer owns a Harley?
  2. What accounts for Harley owners’ satisfaction and brand loyalty?
  3. What role do you think the Harley Owner Group plays in the success of the company?

At Global Study Solutions, we take immense pride in our ability to offer specialized support to students pursuing various programs at IIBMS (Institute Indian Institute of Business Management & Studies). Our dedicated team comprises experienced professionals who excel in crafting precise and well-researched solutions for assignments and case studies across different disciplines and courses.

Our commitment to aiding students in achieving academic success aligns perfectly with the educational standards upheld by IIBMS Institute (Institute Indian Institute of Business Management & Studies). We understand the importance of delivering high-quality, customized solutions that meet the unique requirements of assignments and case studies within the institute\’s curriculum.

Whether in MBA, EMBA, GMS, DMS, or any other programs offered at IIBMS Institute (Institute Indian Institute of Business Management & Studies), our team is equipped to provide expert guidance and meticulously crafted solutions. We prioritize accuracy, originality, and timely delivery; ensuring students receive the necessary assistance to excel academically.

We are dedicated to fostering an environment of academic excellence and providing dependable support to the esteemed students of IIBMS Institute (Institute Indian Institute of Business Management & Studies).

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Harley-Davidson, Inc. – Harley-Davidson, Inc., founded in 1903, is the only remaining American motorcycle manufacturer, although there are some new upstart companies. Read More »

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