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XIBMS – ABC HANDLOOMS Ltd.

XIBMS – ABC HANDLOOMS Ltd.

\"XIBMS

XIBMS – ABC HANDLOOMS Ltd.

ABC Handlooms Ltd. (ABC) was established in the year 1991 to manufacture and market handloom furnishings throughout the country. Over the years, it has developed a wide network of handloom units in and around Delhi. ABC manufactures a wide range of furnishings catering to the needs of different strata of society. The pattern of sales of the company during the last three years was as under:

State Percentage Sale
Punjab

Haryana

U.P.

M.P.

Rajasthan

Other states and Union territories

 

 

 

 

 

total

65

5

10

10

5

5

100

 

The market for furnishings was highly competitive. ABC had not only to face competition from well established houses but it had also to face competition from various state government corporations. Besides, the product had to face competition with the imported material, which was freely available. Prices of different types of furnishings differed widely. Private and cooperative channels marketed different brands. The Coops accounted for more than 60 per cent of material sold. Though there was no brand loyalty yet a large manufacturer in Western India was able to market similar products at a marginal premium in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh.

Questions:

  1. How do you explain the present situation faced by the company?
  2. Was it a good idea to enter into a three-year contract with the Cooperative Society? Why?   
  3. Is it possible to renew the contract with the Cooperative Society? If so, how? Suggest a detailed programme on a crash basis with the budget constraint of Rs. 50, 00, 000.
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XIBMS – ABC HANDLOOMS Ltd.

XIBMS Institute

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At Global Study Solutions, we take immense pride in our ability to offer specialized support to students pursuing various programs at XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). Our dedicated team comprises experienced professionals who excel in crafting precise and well-researched solutions for assignments and case studies across different disciplines and courses.

Our commitment to aiding students in achieving academic success aligns perfectly with the educational standards upheld by XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). We understand the importance of delivering high-quality, customized solutions that meet the unique requirements of assignments and case studies within the institute\’s curriculum.

Whether in MBA, EMBA, GMS, DMS, or any other programs offered at XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies), our team is equipped to provide expert guidance and meticulously crafted solutions. We prioritize accuracy, originality, and timely delivery, ensuring students receive the necessary assistance to excel academically.

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Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically appropriate manner. They focus on effective communication to ensure the content is easily understandable to the target audience.

Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

Customization and Client Satisfaction: They tailor their services to individual student needs, providing personalized assistance and ensuring client satisfaction by addressing specific requirements and preferences.

Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

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ISBM – Amazon.com, Inc, an online retail company, was established in 1994 by Jeff Bezos.

Human Resource Management

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Case Studies

CASE STUDY (20 Marks)

Amazon.com, Inc., an online retail company, was established in 1994 by Jeff Bezos. The company started by selling books online and then diversified into various products from software to furniture. In a short period, Amazon became one of the most successful companies in e-commerce. The company’s success also attracted criticism ranging from business practices and policies to working conditions at its large warehouses. To overcome criticism, Bezos came out with a ‘Pay to Quit’ offer where the employees at the fulfillment center were offered US$ 2000 to US$ 5000, based on their experience, to quit. The case discusses the pros and cons of this program, and whether Amazon will benefit from such a policy. On April 10, 2014, Jeff Bezos (Bezos), CEO of Amazon.com, Inc (Amazon), one of the leading e-commerce companies in the world, came out with his annual letter for the year 2013, addressed to the company’s shareholders. The letter contained details of the company’s products, services, plans, innovative and improved delivery systems, the use of drones in the future for delivery systems, an online grocery, new services, etc. But what caught the eye of shareholders, investors, and industry observers alike was the employee empowerment section, which contained an announcement of a new career choice program. Under this program, Amazon said it would pay 95% of tuition fees for the employees to take up courses of their interest even if the course was not related to a career at the company. The second was a ‘pay to quit’ program whereby Amazon would pay up to US$ 5000 to employees who wanted to quit. Amazon, an American international electronic commerce company headquartered in Seattle, Washington, USA, has dominated the online retail market since its inception in 1994. It started as an online bookstore, in Bezos’s garage and eventually diversified into products like DVDs, CDs, VHSs, video & MP3 players, software, video games, electronics, jewelry, etc. The company was also known for consumer electronics, notably the Amazon Kindle e-book reader and the Kindle Fire Tablet Computer. Amazon was also a major provider of cloud computing services. In the 1990s, Bezos worked as a vice president in Wall Street company D E Shaw, where he came across a report that predicted the internet boom in the next decade.

Answer the following question.

 

Q1. Debate on the Working conditions at online retail companies

 

Q2. Discuss the pros and cons of the pay-to-quit policy

 

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Our commitment to aiding students in achieving academic success aligns perfectly with the educational standards upheld by ISBM Institute (Indian School of Business Management and Administration). We understand the importance of delivering high-quality, customized solutions that meet the unique requirements of assignments and case studies within the institute\’s curriculum.

Whether in MBA, EMBA, GMS, DMS, or any other programs offered at ISBM Institute (Indian School of Business Management and Administration), our team is equipped to provide expert guidance and meticulously crafted solutions. We prioritize accuracy, originality, and timely delivery, ensuring students receive the necessary assistance to excel academically.

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Quality Assurance: Their primary aim is to deliver high-quality content that meets academic standards and fulfills the requirements of the university assignments. This involves thorough research, proper structuring, and adherence to guidelines provided by the educational institution.

Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically appropriate manner. They focus on effective communication to ensure the content is easily understandable to the target audience.

Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

Customization and Client Satisfaction: They tailor their services to individual student needs, providing personalized assistance and ensuring client satisfaction by addressing specific requirements and preferences.

Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

ISBM – Amazon.com, Inc, an online retail company, was established in 1994 by Jeff Bezos. Read More »

IIBMS – CHOOSING BETWEEN PROJECTS IN ABC COMPANY

CASE – 3  

IIBMS – CHOOSING BETWEEN PROJECTS IN ABC COMPANY

\"IIBMS\"

IIBMS – CHOOSING BETWEEN PROJECTS IN ABC COMPANY

ABC Company has three projects to choose from. The Finance Manager, the operations manager are discussing and they are not able to come to a proper decision. Then they are meeting a consultant to get proper advice. As a consultant, what advice you will give?

The cash flows are as follows. All amounts are in lakhs of Rupees.

Project 1:

Duration 5 Years

Beginning cash outflow = Rs. 100

Cash inflows (at the end of the year)

Yr. 1 – Rs 30; Yr. 2 – Rs 30; Yr. 3 – Rs 30; Yr.4 – 10; Yr.5 – 10

Project 2:

Duration 5 Years

Beginning Cash outflow Rs. 3763

Cash inflows (at the end of the year)

Yr. 1 – 200; Yr. 2 – 600; Yr. 3 – 1000; Yr. 4 – 1000; Yr. 5 – 2000.

Project 3:

Duration 15 Years

Beginning Cash Outflow – Rs. 100

Cash Inflows (at the end of the year)

Yrs. 1 to 10 – Rs. 20 (for 10 continuous years)

Yrs. 11 to 15 – Rs. 10 (For the next 5 years)

Question:

  1. If the cost of capital is 8% which of the 3 projects should the ABC Company accept?
\"IIBMS\"

IIBMS – CHOOSING BETWEEN PROJECTS IN ABC COMPANY

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Quality Assurance: Their primary aim is to deliver high-quality content that meets academic standards and fulfills the requirements of the university assignments. This involves thorough research, proper structuring, and adherence to guidelines provided by the educational institution.

Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically appropriate manner. They focus on effective communication to ensure the content is easily understandable to the target audience.

Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

Customization and Client Satisfaction: They tailor their services to individual student needs, providing personalized assistance and ensuring client satisfaction by addressing specific requirements and preferences.

Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

 

IIBMS – CHOOSING BETWEEN PROJECTS IN ABC COMPANY Read More »

ISBM – Amazon, a successful ecommerce company was founded in 1955 by Jeff Bezos, in Washington.

International Business

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CASE STUDY (20 Marks)

 

Amazon, a successful e-commerce company was founded in 1955 by Jeff Bezos, in Washington. It began operating with only one book sales store. Now it extends to a very wide range of other products, including DVS, music CDs, computers, electronics, clothing, furniture, etc. The founder of Amazon took full advantage of changes in technology. Since several publishers and titles existed and there was a poor structure of the traditional book market, the idea of setting up an online virtual bookstore that gave the biggest choice of products to the world came forth In addition Amazon developed a client interface to seek the consumer’s experience for improvement and maintained a data base to know more about its customers. Amazon acquired most of its online music store rivals and started marketing online as well as offline. Amazon launched an innovative and bold marketing strategy to provide customers with free delivery service and free shipping service. Amazon’s objective was to maintain its free and fast delivery policy even at low-profit margins. The price of Amazon online products is generally reduced by about 10%. Therefore out of 40 million customers, 30% customers were online customers. For this reason, Amazon\’s founder confidently declared “Perhaps consumers will go to physical store shopping, but certainly not because of the price”.

Answer the following question.

 

Q1. Give an overview of the case.

 

Q2. What were the reasons for going online for the sale of books

 

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At Global Study Solutions, we take immense pride in our ability to offer specialized support to students pursuing various programs at ISBM Institute (Indian School of Business Management and Administration). Our dedicated team comprises experienced professionals who excel in crafting precise and well-researched solutions for assignments and case studies across different disciplines and courses.

Our commitment to aiding students in achieving academic success aligns perfectly with the educational standards upheld by ISBM Institute (Indian School of Business Management and Administration). We understand the importance of delivering high-quality, customized solutions that meet the unique requirements of assignments and case studies within the institute\’s curriculum.

Whether in MBA, EMBA, GMS, DMS, or any other programs offered at ISBM Institute (Indian School of Business Management and Administration), our team is equipped to provide expert guidance and meticulously crafted solutions. We prioritize accuracy, originality, and timely delivery, ensuring students receive the necessary assistance to excel academically.

We are dedicated to fostering an environment of academic excellence and providing dependable support to the esteemed students of ISBM Institute.

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Our team specializes in supporting students with ISBM Institute coursework, ensuring top-notch answer sheets and comprehensive solutions.

Ace, with our tailored assistance, your ISBM Institute exams, offering precise guidance and accurate answer sheet preparation.

Seeking reliable help for your ISBM Institute studies? Trust our academic writing services for meticulously crafted answer sheets and exceptional support.

Score high in your ISBM Institute (Indian School of Business Management and Administration).  Assessments by availing our expert aid in preparing comprehensive and well-structured answer sheets.

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ISBM Institute (Indian school of business Management and administration).  Assignments, solved papers, and study materials are available through our academic writing services.

Seeking assistance with ISBM Institute coursework? Our professional team delivers accurate and timely solutions for all your academic needs.

Our specialized academic writing support simplifies access to ISBM Institute (Indian school of Business Management and Administration). question papers and model answers.

Need expert guidance for your ISBM Institute assessments? Our service offers comprehensive solutions for students seeking assistance.

Our academic writing services ensure precise and high-quality answers for ISBM Institute assignments, aiding students in their educational journey.

Academic writing professionals play a crucial role in assisting students with their university assignments, striving to achieve several key goals:

Quality Assurance: Their primary aim is to deliver high-quality content that meets academic standards and fulfills the requirements of the university assignments. This involves thorough research, proper structuring, and adherence to guidelines provided by the educational institution.

Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically appropriate manner. They focus on effective communication to ensure the content is easily understandable to the target audience.

Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

Customization and Client Satisfaction: They tailor their services to individual student needs, providing personalized assistance and ensuring client satisfaction by addressing specific requirements and preferences.

Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

ISBM – Amazon, a successful ecommerce company was founded in 1955 by Jeff Bezos, in Washington. Read More »

XIBMS – THE CATERPILLAR TRACTOR COMPANY

XIBMS – THE CATERPILLAR TRACTOR COMPANY

\"XAVIER

XIBMS – THE CATERPILLAR TRACTOR COMPANY

Caterpillar Tractor Company (CTC) is a large manufacturing firm headquartered in Illinois, USA. Its familiar \’CAT\” logo and yellow paint are known throughout the world. Indeed in its business, CTC has an estimated 37% of world market. Its closest rival, Japan\’s Komatsu has an estimated 15%. A multinational company CTC has manufacturing and dealer representatives throughout the world. The products, which the firm designs, manufactures and markets, can be classified into two basic segments:

Earth moving, construction and materials handling equipment-track type tractors, bulldozers, rippers, track and wheel type loaders, pipe layers, wheel dozers, compactors, wheel scrapers off highway trucks and tractors, motor graders, hydraulic excavators, long skidders, lift trucks and related parts and equipment.

Engines– for earth moving and construction machines on highways trucks, marine, petroleum, agricultural, industrial and electric power generation systems. Engines either, diesel or natural gas, have power ranges from 85 to 1600 horsepower or in generator set versions from 55 to 1200 kilowatts. Turbines range from 10 to 7,900 kilowatts.

 

CTC\’s market success is based to a great extent on its four-point product strategy. First, advances technology is incorporated into machines so that users derive optimal productivity and efficiency. To maintain the flow of product application the organization commits hundreds of millions of dollars each year to research and development. A second product guideline is quality. Within the last ten years several billion dollars have been spent on plant and equipment to ensure reliability in the hostile environments the machines endure. The third aspect of product strategy is to offer a full line of products. This implies machines capable of performing on job sites as small as a residential plot or as large as the Alaskan product line offers over 100 different machines within nearly infinite option/modifications. The fourth and final principle of the product strategy is to design and build only machines that can be produced on an assembly line, to take advantage of manufacturing expertise and efficiency of Caterpillar plant and to provide significant economies of scale.

Questions to be answered

  1. How important is new product development to Caterpillar?
  2. What sources of new product ideas might a company like caterpillar use?
  3. Evaluate CAT as a brand name.
  4. Evaluate each of the four points of CTC\’s strategy.

   

\"XIBMS

  XIBMS – THE CATERPILLAR TRACTOR COMPANY

XIBMS Institute

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Our commitment to aiding students in achieving academic success aligns perfectly with the educational standards upheld by XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). We understand the importance of delivering high-quality, customized solutions that meet the unique requirements of assignments and case studies within the institute\’s curriculum.

Whether in MBA, EMBA, GMS, DMS, or any other programs offered at XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies), our team is equipped to provide expert guidance and meticulously crafted solutions. We prioritize accuracy, originality, and timely delivery, ensuring students receive the necessary assistance to excel academically.

We are dedicated to fostering an environment of academic excellence and providing dependable support to the esteemed students of XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies).

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Customized Answer Solutions

MBA Assignment Solutions

EMBA Case Study Solutions

GMS Answer Sheets

DMS Assignment Help

Professional Writing Assistance

Tailored Academic Solutions

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Academic Writing Services

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Get expert assistance with your XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assignments and answer sheets from our professional academic writing services.

Our team specializes in supporting students with XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) coursework, ensuring top-notch answer sheets and comprehensive solutions.

Ace, with our tailored assistance, your XIBMS Institute exams, offering precise guidance and accurate answer sheet preparation.

Seeking reliable help for your XIBMS Institute studies? Trust our academic writing services for meticulously crafted answer sheets and exceptional support.

Score high in your XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assessments by availing our expert aid in preparing comprehensive and well-structured answer sheets.

 

XIBMS Project Report Writing Services

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Structured Project Report Services

XAVIER Detailed Project Documentation

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Custom Project Report Formats

XAVIER Project Research and Analysis

MBA/EMBA/GMS/DMS Project Reports

 

XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assignments, solved papers, and study materials are available through our academic writing services.

Seeking assistance with XIBMS Institute coursework? Our professional team delivers accurate and timely solutions for all your academic needs.

Our specialized academic writing support simplifies access to XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) question papers and model answers.

Need expert guidance for your XIBMS Institute assessments? Our service offers comprehensive solutions for students seeking assistance.

Our academic writing services ensure precise and high-quality answers for XIBMS Institute assignments, aiding students in their educational journey.

 

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Quality Assurance: Their primary aim is to deliver high-quality content that meets academic standards and fulfills the requirements of the university assignments. This involves thorough research, proper structuring, and adherence to guidelines provided by the educational institution.

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XIBMS – THE CATERPILLAR TRACTOR COMPANY Read More »

IIBMS – GREAVES LIMITED  

CASE – 2  

IIBMS – GREAVES LIMITED

\"IIBMS\"

IIBMS – GREAVES LIMITED   

Started as trading firm in 1922, Greaves Limited has diversified into manufacturing and marketing of high technology engineering products and systems. The company’s mission is “manufacture and market a wide range of high quality products, services and systems of world class technology to the total satisfaction of customers in domestic and overseas market.”

Over the years Greaves has brought to India state of the art technologies in various engineering fields by setting up manufacturing units and subsidiary and associate companies. The sales of Greaves Limited has increased from Rs 214 crore in 1990 to Rs 801 crore in 1997. The sales of Greaves Limited has increased from Rs 214 crore in 1990 to Rs 801 crore in 1997. Profits before interest and tax (PBIT) of the company increased from Rs 15 crore to Rs 83 crore in 1997. The market price of the company’s share has shown ups and downs during 1990 to 1997. How has the company performed? The following question need answer to fully understand the performance of the company:

 

Exhibit 1

 

GREAVES LTD.

Profit and Loss Account ending on 31 March          (Rupees in crore)

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
Sales

Raw Material and Stores

Wages and Salaries

Power and fuel

Other Mfg. Expenses

Other Expenses

Depreciation

Marketing and Distribution

Change in stock

214.38

170.67

13.54

0.52

0.61

11.85

1.85

4.86

1.18

253.10

202.84

15.60

0.70

0.49

15.48

1.72

5.67

3.10

287.81

230.81

18.03

1.11

0.88

16.35

1.52

5.14

4.93

311.14

213.79

37.04

3.80

2.37

25.54

4.62

5.17

0.48

354.25

245.63

37.96

4.43

2.36

31.60

5.99

9.67

– 1.13

521.56

379.83

48.24

6.66

3.57

41.40

8.53

10.81

5.63

728.15

543.56

60.48

7.70

4.84

45.74

9.30

12.44

11.86

801.11

564.35

69.66

9.23

5.49

48.64

11.53

16.98

– 5.87

Total Op Expenses 202.72 239.40 268.91 291.85 338.77 493.41 672.20 731.75
 

Operating Profit

Other Income

Non-recurring Income

 

11.61

2.14

1.30

 

13.70

3.69

2.28

 

18.90

4.97

0.10

 

19.29

4.24

10.98

 

15.48

7.72

16.44

 

28.15

14.35

0.46

 

55.95

11.35

0.52

 

69.36

13.08

1.75

PBIT   15.10   19.67   23.97   34.51   39.64   42.98   65.67   82.64
Interest     5.56     6.77   11.92   19.62   17.17   21.48   28.25   27.54
PBT     9.54   12.90   12.05   14.89   22.47   21.50   37.42   55.10
Tax

PAT

Dividend

Retained Earnings

    3.00

6.54

1.80

4.74

    3.60

9.30

2.00

7.30

    4.90

7.15

2.30

4.85

    0.00

14.89

4.06

10.83

    4.00

18.47

7.29

11.18

    7.00

14.50

8.58

5.92

    8.60

28.82

12.85

15.97

  15.80

39.30

14.18

25.12

 

Exhibit 2

 

GREAVES LTD.

Balance Sheet                                (Rupees in crore)

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
ASSETS

Land and Building

Plant and Machinery

Other Fixed Assets

Capital WIP

Gross Fixed Assets

Less: Accu. Depreciation

Net Tangible Fixed Assets

Intangible Fixed Assets

 

3.88

11.98

3.64

0.09

19.59

12.91

6.68

0.21

 

4.22

12.68

4.14

0.26

21.30

14.56

6.74

0.19

 

4.96

12.98

4.38

10.25

23.57

15.79

7.78

0.05

 

21.70

33.49

5.18

11.27

71.64

19.84

51.80

4.40

 

30.82

50.78

6.95

34.84

123.39

25.74

97.65

22.03

 

39.71

75.34

8.53

14.37

137.95

33.90

104.05

22.45

 

42.34

92.49

8.87

13.92

157.62

42.56

115.06

20.04

 

43.07

104.45

10.35

14.36

172.23

53.87

118.86

21.11

Net Fixed Assets     6.89     6.93     7.83   56.20 119.68 126.50 135.10 139.97
 

Raw Materials

Finished Goods

Inventory

Accounts Receivable

Other Receivable

Investments

Cash and Bank Balance

Current Assets

Total Assets

LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL

Equity Capital

Preference Capital

Reserves and Surplus

 

5.26

29.37

34.63

38.16

32.62

3.55

8.36

117.32

124.21

 

9.86

0.20

27.60

 

6.91

33.72

40.63

53.24

40.47

14.95

8.91

158.20

165.13

 

9.86

0.20

32.57

 

7.26

38.65

45.91

67.97

49.19

15.15

12.71

190.93

198.76

 

9.86

0.20

37.42

 

21.05

53.39

74.44

93.30

24.54

27.58

13.29

233.15

289.35

 

18.84

0.20

100.35

 

28.13

52.26

80.39

122.20

59.12

73.50

18.38

353.59

473.27

 

29.37

0.20

171.03

 

44.03

58.09

102.12

133.45

64.32

75.01

30.08

404.98

531.48

 

29.44

0.20

176.88

 

53.62

69.97

123.59

141.82

76.57

75.07

33.46

450.51

585.61

 

44.20

0.20

175.41

 

50.94

64.09

115.03

179.92

107.31

76.45

48.18

526.89

666.86

 

44.20

0.20

198.79

Net Worth   37.66   42.63   47.48 119.39 200.60 206.52 219.81 243.19
Bank Borrowings

Institutional Borrowings

Debentures

Fixed Deposits

Commercial Paper

Other Borrowings

Current Portion of LT Debt

  14.81

4.13

4.77

12.31

0.00

2.33

0.00

  19.45

3.43

16.57

14.45

0.00

3.22

0.00

  26.51

9.17

19.99

15.03

0.00

3.10

0.08

  24.82

38.09

4.56

14.08

0.00

3.18

0.12

  55.12

38.76

4.37

15.57

15.00

17.08

15.08

  64.97

69.69

4.37

17.75

0.00

1.97

0.02

  70.08

89.26

2.92

20.81

0.00

2.36

1.49

118.28

63.60

1.49

19.29

0.00

2.57

1.57

Borrowings   38.35   57.12   73.72   84.61 130.82 158.73 183.94 203.66
Sundry Creditors

Other Liabilities

Provision for tax, etc.

Proposed Dividends

Current Portion of LT Dept

  37.52

5.70

3.18

1.80

0.00

  49.40

10.16

3.82

2.00

0.00

  59.34

10.70

5.14

2.30

0.08

  77.27

3.59

0.31

4.06

0.12

113.66

1.42

4.40

7.29

15.08

148.13

1.99

7.70

8.58

0.02

153.63

1.70

12.19

12.85

1.49

179.79

3.04

21.43

14.18

1.57

Current Liabilities   48.20   65.38   77.56   85.35 141.85 166.42 181.86 220.01
TOTAL LIABILITIES

Additional information:

Share premium reserve

Revaluation reserve

Bonus equity capital

124.21

 

 

 

8.51

165.13

 

 

 

8.51

198.76

 

 

 

8.51

289.35

 

47.69

8.91

8.51

473.27

 

107.40

8.70

8.51

531.67

 

107.91

8.50

8.51

585.61

 

93.35

8.31

23.25

666.86

 

93.35

8.15

23.25

 

Exhibit 3

 

GREAVES LTD.

Share Price Data

  1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
 Closing share price (Rs)

Yearly high share price (Rs)

Yearly low share price (Rs)

Market capitalization (Rs crore

EPS (Rs)

Book value (Rs)

  27.19

29.25

26.78

65.06

4.79

35.64

34.74

45.28

21.61

67.77

6.82

37.22

121.27

121.27

34.36

236.56

9.73

42.54

  66.67

126.33

48.34

274.84

1.93

57.75

  78.34

90.00

42.67

346.35

2.66

40.61

  71.67

100.01

68.34

316.87

7.16

64.98

  47.5

90.00

45.00

210.02

5.03

45.35

  48.25

85.00

43.75

213.34

9.01

50.73

 

Questions

  1. How profitable are its operations? What are the trends in it? How has growth affected the profitability of the company?
  2. What factors have contributed to the operating performance of Greaves Limited? What is the role of profitability margin, asset utilisation, and non-operating income?
  3. How has Greaves performed in terms of return on equity? What is the contribution of return on investment the way of the business has been financed over the period?
\"IIBMS\"

IIBMS – GREAVES LIMITED

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IIBMS – GREAVES LIMITED   Read More »

ISBM – Amalgamated Enterprises is a broadly diversified company with presence in a variety of sectors such as cement, textiles and industrial specialized chemicals.

Project Management

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CASE STUDY (20 Marks)

Amalgamated Enterprises is a broadly diversified company with a presence in a variety of sectors such as cement, textiles, and industrial specialized chemicals. After a thorough review of various capital projects undertaken in the last 5 years, the executive
committee of Amalgamated Enterprises felt that the quality of the market and demand analysis of most of the projects was somewhat patchy. As a marketing analyst, you have been invited by Shekhar Dutt, the managing director of Amalgamated Enterprises to do a seminar on market and demand analysis for the business heads of the company. He wants to address you following issues.


Answer the following question.


Q1. How should one evaluate secondary information?


Q2. Discuss the steps in a sample survey.


Q3. What is your opinion about the sample survey?


Q4. Briefly describe the various methods of demand forecasting.

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Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

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ISBM – Amalgamated Enterprises is a broadly diversified company with presence in a variety of sectors such as cement, textiles and industrial specialized chemicals. Read More »

ISBM – Alton Towers was voted the UK’s number one theme park again this year. It is located in the heart of England in Staffordshire, where there is easy access from both the M1 and M6, although access through the village of Alton towards the site is difficult.

Principles and Practice of Management

\"\"

CASE STUDIES

CASE (20 Marks)

Alton Towers was voted the UK’s number-one theme park again this year. It is located in the heart of England in Staffordshire, where there is easy access from both the M1 and M6, although access through the village of Alton towards the site is difficult. The roads are narrow and there are twisting bends, which coaches find difficult to maneuver around. The site evolved from being a traditional English garden attraction in the 1950s to an exciting leisure park after a company decision was made in the 1980s to convert the gardens to an American-style theme park. The aim was to attract more visitors. The idea was a success and over the years the park has been constantly updated with increasingly bigger and more exciting rides and spectacular attractions. Alton Towers set out to be the market leader from the beginning. It boasts the best attractions in the UK. It was the first to have the largest flume in the world in 1982. The company was taken over by the Tussauds Group in 1990. Changes were made to existing attractions and the layout of the park. Other changes included a short walk towards Thunder Valley, leading to the Haunted House. In 1994 the most spectacular ride ever seen in the UK was introduced. This was Nemesis – an inverted roller coaster. The thrilling suspended ride – Oblivion – was opened in 1998. This is a vertical drop roller coaster. The latest addition to the park in 2000 is the Hex – the legend of the Towers. This is a disorientating ‘haunted’ swing. These ‘white-knuckle’ rides are now located in the X-Sector. In 1996 a £10m themed hotel on the outskirts of the park was opened. Participants in the Haunted House and X-Sector rides are photographed as they take part. These photographs are ready for viewing and purchasing at the end of the rides. There is an admission charge to the park, but once inside the park all the rides and attractions are free. Ticket prices are differentiated and include Peak and Off-Peak, Day Tickets, Family Tickets and Season Tickets. Visitors to the park can choose to eat at a variety of restaurants dotted all over the park. Each ride has its souvenir shop attached and there are also gift shops where Alton Towers merchandise can be purchased at prices to suit all pockets. Alton Towers is open every day to visitors from around 24 March until 31 October each year. Every year 2.7 million visitors visit the park. The volume of visitors in the summer means that long queues can form, although a ticket reservation process is in operation for the most popular rides. Alton Towers is not seeking to increase the number of visitors passing through the gates but to encourage people to spend more on food and merchandise and to come back again.

Answer the following question.

 

Q1. Explain how Alton Towers kept ahead of the competition in the years from 1982 until present.

 

Q2. Explain the benefits to Alton Towers of having restaurants and Souvenir shops dotted around the site?

 

Q3. Why do Alton Towers use differentiated prices for their admission tickets?

 

Q4. Explain how Alton Towers can use field research and desk research to find out if they are achieving their objectives.

 

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ISBM – Alton Towers was voted the UK’s number one theme park again this year. It is located in the heart of England in Staffordshire, where there is easy access from both the M1 and M6, although access through the village of Alton towards the site is difficult. Read More »

XIBMS – TRUST TOOTHPASTE

XIBMS – TRUST TOOTHPASTE

\"XIBMS

XIBMS – TRUST TOOTHPASTE

Study the Case entitled \”Positioning \’Trust\’ Toothpaste\” and give your specific recommendations regarding the action to be taken by the company. Your decision must be based on a careful analysis of the situation given in the case and your answer should be precise and up to the point.

Positioning Trust\’ Toothpaste

In September 1990, Mr. Sarin, the Marketing Manager of Deepa Products (P) Limited was wondering what marketing and product positioning strategy the company should follow for launching their two new brands of toothpaste. Trust Night and Trust Regular in a market which was becoming highly competitive.

Deepa Products (P) Ltd. was one of the successful manufacturers of various types of packaging materials for both industrial and consumer products. Established in 1960, the company has shown substantial growth over the years. Much of the company\’s growth was attributed to the high quality of its products and also the systematic manner in which its marketing decisions were made.

 

In 1990, keeping in view the growing market for consumer goods, the top management of the company decided to diversify into new consumer products areas. In the first instance the company thought of entering into the toothpaste market. Depending upon their success in the market, the company would decide their expansion plans into other areas of consumer goods sector.

The company chose to enter toothpaste market simply because the market for toothpaste was growing fast almost by 15 to 20% in India and it provided enough profit opportunities. The market was dominated only by a very few players. Further Mr. Sarin felt that there was scope for capturing a significant market share in the growing toothpaste market, since the company\’s products had some unique features to meet the emerging new market segments.

Questions

  1. What marketing strategy should be designed by Mr. Sarin to be able to achieve the targeted 5% market share?
  2. How should Deepa Products (P) Ltd. position Trust Regular and Trust Night to induce customers to buy it? What should be the key benefits of their toothpastes?
  3.  Should the company price its products economically, or should it aim for premium pricing?
\"XIBMS

XIBMS – TRUST TOOTHPASTE

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Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

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Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

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Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

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IIBMS – Zip Zap Zoom Car Company

Case 1:

IIBMS – Zip Zap Zoom Car Company

\"IIBMS\"

IIBMS – Zip Zap Zoom Car Company      

Zip Zap Zoom Company Ltd is into manufacturing cars in the small car (800 cc) segment.  It was set up 15 years back and since its establishment it has seen a phenomenal growth in both its market and profitability.  Its financial statements are shown in Exhibits 1 and 2 respectively.

The company enjoys the confidence of its shareholders who have been rewarded with growing dividends year after year.  Last year, the company had announced 20 per cent dividend, which was the highest in the automobile sector.  The company has never defaulted on its loan payments and enjoys a favorable face with its lenders, which include financial institutions, commercial banks and debenture holders.

The competition in the car industry has increased in the past few years and the company foresees further intensification of competition with the entry of several foreign car manufactures many of them being market leaders in their respective countries.  The small car segment especially, will witness entry of foreign majors in the near future, with latest technology being offered to the Indian customer.  The Zip Zap Zoom’s senior management realizes the need for large scale investment in up gradation of technology and improvement of manufacturing facilities to pre-empt competition.

Whereas on the one hand, the competition in the car industry has been intensifying, on the other hand, there has been a slowdown in the Indian economy, which has not only reduced the demand for cars, but has also led to adoption of price cutting strategies by various car manufactures.   The industry indicators predict that the economy is gradually slipping into recession.

 

Exhibit 1 Balance sheet as at March 31,200 x

(Amount in Rs. Crore)

 

Source of Funds

Share capital                                        350

Reserves and surplus                           250                              600

Loans :

Debentures (@ 14%)               50

Institutional borrowing (@ 10%)        100

Commercial loans (@ 12%)    250

Total debt                                                                                            400

Current liabilities                                                                                 200

1,200

 

Application of Funds

Fixed Assets

Gross block                                                     1,000

Less: Depreciation                                             250

Net block                                                           750

Capital WIP                                                       190

Total Fixed Assets                                                                              940

Current assets:

Inventory                                                           200

Sundry debtors                                                    40

Cash and bank balance                                        10

Other current assets                                 10

Total current assets                                                                 260

-1200

 

Exhibit 2 Profit and Loss Account for the year ended March 31, 200x

(Amount in Rs. Crore)

Sales revenue (80,000 units x Rs. 2,50,000)                                       2,000.0

Operating expenditure:

Variable cost:

Raw material and manufacturing expenses    1,300.0

Variable overheads                                                        100.0

Total                                                                                                                1,400.0

Fixed cost:

R & D                                                                                          20.0

Marketing and advertising                                               25.0

Depreciation                                                                   250.0

 

Personnel                                                                          70.0

Total                                                                                                                   365.0

 

Total operating expenditure                                                                1,765.0

Operating profits (EBIT)                                                                                   235.0

Financial expense:

Interest on debentures                                                            7.7

Interest on institutional borrowings                        11.0

Interest on commercial loan                                    33.0                     51.7

Earnings before tax (EBT)                                                                                          183.3

Tax (@ 35%)                                                                                                                 64.2

Earnings after tax (EAT)                                                                                            119.1

Dividends                                                                                                                     70.0

Debt redemption (sinking fund obligation)**                                                              40.0

Contribution to reserves and surplus                                                                  9.1

*          Includes the cost of inventory and work in process (W.P) which is dependent on demand (sales).

**        The loans have to be retired in the next ten years and the firm redeems Rs. 40 crore every year.

The company is faced with the problem of deciding how much to invest in up

Gradation of its plans and technology.  Capital investment up to a maximum of Rs. 100

Crore is required.  The problem areas are three-fold.

  • The company cannot forgo the capital investment as that could lead to reduction in its market share as technological competence in this industry is a must and customers would shift to manufactures providing latest in car technology.
  • The company does not want to issue new equity shares and its retained earnings are not enough for such a large investment.  Thus, the only option is raising debt.
  • The company wants to limit its additional debt to a level that it can service without taking undue risks.  With the looming recession and uncertain market conditions, the company perceives that additional fixed obligations could become a cause of financial distress, and thus, wants to determine its additional debt capacity to meet the investment requirements.

Mr. Shortsighted, the company’s Finance Manager, is given the task of determining the additional debt that the firm can raise.  He thinks that the firm can raise Rs. 100 crore worth debt and service it even in years of recession.  The company can raise debt at 15 per cent from a financial institution.  While working out the debt capacity.  Mr. Shortsighted takes the following assumptions for the recession years.

  1. A maximum of 10 percent reduction in sales volume will take place.
  2. A maximum of 6 percent reduction in sales price of cars will take place.

Mr. Shortsighted prepares a projected income statement which is representative of the recession years.  While doing so, he determines what he thinks are the “irreducible minimum” expenditures under

Recessionary conditions.  For him, risk of insolvency is the main concern while designing the capital structure.  To support his view, he presents the income statement as shown in Exhibit 3.

 

Exhibit 3 projected Profit and Loss account

(Amount in Rs. Crore)

Sales revenue (72,000 units x Rs. 2,35,000)                                       1,692.0

Operating expenditure

Variable cost :

Raw material and manufacturing expenses    1,170.0

Variable overheads                                                          90.0

Total                                                                                                                1,260.0

Fixed cost:

R & D                                                                                          —

Marketing and advertising                                               15.0

Depreciation                                                                   187.5

Personnel                                                                          70.0

Total                                                                                                                   272.5

Total operating expenditure                                                                1,532.5

EBIT                                                                                                                  159.5

Financial expenses:

Interest on existing Debentures                                        7.0

Interest on existing institutional borrowings      10.0

Interest on commercial loan                                30.0

Interest on additional debt                                             15.0                  62.0

EBT                                                                                                                      97.5

Tax (@ 35%)                                                                                                        34.1

EAT                                                                                                                     63.4

Dividends                                                                                                              —

Debt redemption (sinking fund obligation)                                             50.0*

Contribution to reserves and surplus                                                       13.4

 

* Rs. 40 crore (existing debt) + Rs. 10 crore (additional debt)

Assumptions of Mr. Shortsighted

  • R & D expenditure can be done away with till the economy picks up.
  • Marketing and advertising expenditure can be reduced by 40 per cent.
  • Keeping in mind the investor confidence that the company enjoys, he feels that the company can forgo paying dividends in the recession period.

He goes with his worked out statement to the Director Finance, Mr. Arthashatra, and advocates raising Rs. 100 crore of debt to finance the intended capital investment.  Mr. Arthashatra does not feel comfortable with the statements and calls for the company’s financial analyst, Mr. Longsighted.

Mr. Longsighted carefully analyses Mr. Shortsighted assumptions and points out that insolvency should not be the sole criterion while determining the debt capacity of the firm.  He points out the following :

  • Apart from debt servicing, there are certain expenditures like those on R & D and marketing that need to be continued to ensure the long-term health of the firm.
  • Certain management policies like those relating to dividend payout, send out important signals to the investors.  The Zip Zap Zoom’s management has been paying regular dividends and discontinuing this practice (even though just for the recession phase) could raise serious doubts in the investor’s mind about the health of the firm.  The firm should pay at least 10 per cent dividend in the recession years.
  • Mr. Shortsighted has used the accounting profits to determine the amount available each year for servicing the debt obligations.  This does not give the true picture.  Net cash inflows should be used to determine the amount available for servicing the debt.
  • Net Cash inflows are determined by interplay of many variables and such a simplistic view should not be taken while determining the cash flows in recession.  It is not possible to accurately predict the fall in any of the factors such as sales volume, sales price, and marketing expenditure and so on.  Probability distribution of variation of each of the factors that affect net cash inflow should be analyzed.  From this analysis, the probability distribution of variation in net cash inflow should be analyzed (the net cash inflows follow a normal probability distribution).  This will give a true picture of how the company’s cash flows will behave in recession conditions.

The management recognizes that the alternative suggested by Mr. Longsighted rests on data, which are complex and require expenditure of time and effort to obtain and interpret.  Considering the importance of capital structure design, the Finance Director asks Mr. Longsighted to carry out his analysis.  Information on the behaviour of cash flows during the recession periods is taken into account.

The methodology undertaken is as follows:

  • Important factors that affect cash flows (especially contraction of cash flows), like sales volume, sales price, raw materials expenditure, and so on, are identified and the analysis is carried out in terms of cash receipts and cash expenditures.
  • Each factor’s behaviour (variation behaviour) in adverse conditions in the past is studied and future expectations are combined with past data, to describe limits (maximum favourable), most probable and maximum adverse) for all the factors.
  • Once this information is generated for all the factors affecting the cash flows, Mr. Longsighted comes up with a range of estimates of the cash flow in future recession periods based on all possible combinations of the several factors. He also estimates the probability of occurrence of each estimate of cash flow.

 

Assuming a normal distribution of the expected behaviour, the mean expected

Value of net cash inflow in adverse conditions came out to be Rs. 220.27 crore with standard deviation of Rs. 110 crore.

Keeping in mind the looming recession and the uncertainty of the recession behaviour, Mr. Arthashastra feels that the firm should factor a risk of cash inadequacy of around 5 per cent even in the most adverse industry conditions.  Thus, the firm should take up only that amount of additional debt that it can service 95 per cent of the times, while maintaining cash adequacy.

To maintain an annual dividend of 10 per cent, an additional Rs. 35 crore has to be kept aside.  Hence, the expected available net cash inflow is Rs. 185.27 crore (i.e. Rs. 220.27 – Rs. 35 crore)

Question:

  1. Analyse the debt capacity of the company. 
\"IIBMS\"

IIBMS – Zip Zap Zoom Car Company

At Global Study Solutions, we take immense pride in our ability to offer specialized support to students pursuing various programs at IIBMS (Institute Indian Institute of Business Management & Studies). Our dedicated team comprises experienced professionals who excel in crafting precise and well-researched solutions for assignments and case studies across different disciplines and courses.

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ISBM – Alternatives to email for call center staff.

Business Communication

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Case Studies

CASE STUDY (20 Marks)

Alternatives to email for call center staff. A significant percentage of LaSer UK’s staff are based in call centers and do not have access to email. Before the use of the SnapComms communications channels, internal communications consisted of supervisors dropping photocopied information onto employees’ desks and using team meetings for information updates. Internal communications were paper-based, time-consuming, and resource-heavy. Effective alternatives to email and paper-based internal communications were required. The fast message cut through for urgent messages. There were no effective and fast call center communications channels for urgent messages such as system outage notifications, business announcements, and fraud alerts. Communications channels to raise awareness without interruption. Laser UK was looking for channels to communicate less urgent messages to call center staff in ways that didn’t interrupt them whilst they were on calls. Targeted internal communications. Laser UK employs a range of staff types in different locations (Belfast, Solihull, and remote workers). It was important to be able to target internal communications to particular staff groupings. Increased leadership communications. The internal communications team wanted to find new and effective channels for leadership communication. Increased employee feedback channels. Other than a 2 year staff survey and a paper-based feedback scheme LaSer UK had limited channels for employee feedback. Laser UK wanted to implement a staff feedback system that provided quick snapshots of the business and gave employees the means to provide more regular feedback. The SnapComms call center communications system has allowed LaSer UK to meet its internal communications objectives using alternatives to email such as; desktop alert messages, scrolling desktop newsfeeds, interactive screensaver messages, and pop-up staff surveys. Messages can be easily targeted to specified groups of staff which allows the LaSer UK team to customize messages to suit different types of staff in any location.

Answer the following question.

 

Q1. Give an overview of the case.

 

Q2. How the SnapComms call center communications system has met internal communications objectives using alternatives to email? Discuss.

 

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Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

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Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

ISBM – Alternatives to email for call center staff. Read More »

ISBM – Ajay Sharma is manager -SU4, i.e. Sub Unit 4 and is direct uncharged of around forty five workers and ten supervisory staff.

Essential of Management

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CASE STUDY (20 Marks)

Ajay Sharma is the manager -of SU4, i.e. Sub Unit 4, and is directly in charge of around forty-five workers and ten supervisory staff. The company is ISO9002 certificate holder and the policy spells out objectives for all levels of employees. For the next two years. Each unit has its production target and any deviation from these targets is reflected in weekly reports prepared by the head of units. Ajay however is worried about his unit. Since he joined this new position two weeks ago, he has observed the functioning of the workers and made notes on how they work. Out of 10 supervisors, only 2 of them have been recruited directly. However, all the workers show no difference in attitudes toward direct supervisors. Ajay realized that his sub-unit has defaulted on five occasions to meet the target in the last 3 months. He emphasized the need to tackle this issue urgently. During his observations, Ajay noticed that a certain supervisor, Chander Pal is most vocal and is seen discussing all issues with everybody in his free time and doing his work very efficiently. Ajay in a formal discussion with all his 10 supervisors raised the issue of failing to meet the weekly targets. He proposed to form 3 work groups within the sub-unit, which will be responsible for meeting weekly production targets and also for maintaining performance ratings for individual workers. He suggested that Chander Pal should be the leader of these groups. He also made it clear that there was no provision for performance-related compensation or incentives. But based on the performance monitoring, we will select a ‘Performer of SU-4’ every week. Ajay entrusted the following 3 major responsibilities to the groups. (a) Create awareness of production targets and quality. (b) Check the production achieved as against the targets daily. (c) Monitor individual performance.

Answer the following question.

 

Q1. Discuss Ajay’s approach to the situation

 

Q2. Why Ajay has chosen Chander Pal as the leader of the group? Discuss the role of a group leader.

 

Q3. Whether the groups formed will show immediate results or not. Explain.

 

Q4. Debate the likely differences in departmental promoted and directly recruited supervisors.

 

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ISBM – Ajay Sharma is manager -SU4, i.e. Sub Unit 4 and is direct uncharged of around forty five workers and ten supervisory staff. Read More »

ISBM – After the 1995 release of microsofts windows 95 multimedia operating system

Consumer Behaviour

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Case (20 Marks)

After the 1995 release of the Microsoft Windows 95 multimedia operating system, every journalist started writing an obituary column for Apple Inc., and despite the best efforts of the then CEO Gil Amelio, the company was steadily moving towards bankruptcy. When Steve Jobs took over in 1976, not many people gave any chance to apple to survive the brutal competition in the personal computer business. Steve did unleash many ruthless actions, that surprised many in the industry; in an attempt to put Apple back on track. Steve cut all of the 15 desktop and portable models that Apple was struggling to sell, back to one. He showed the door to printers and peripherals. He cut development engineers. He cut software development. He cut distributors. He cut out virtually all manufacturing, moving it offshore to Taiwan. This paved the way for reducing inventory by over 80 percent. Apple started selling PCs through a new web store. Armed with the best operating system that he brought from NeXT, Steve started serving customers with a simplified product line through a limited set of outlets. Apple’s miraculous rise from the ashes, many researchers now attribute to these well-orchestrated, coordinated set of actions put in place by Steve in quick succession. Through Pixar, the iPod, and the iPhone, Steve revolutionized the major industries of movies, music, and phones-creating and exploiting opportunities that came along the way. A good strategy is a product of coherent design, the application of strength to capture the most promising opportunity.

Answer the following question.

 

Q1. Give an overview of the case

 

Q2. How did Steve change the fortune of Apple?

 

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XIBMS – Segmentation, Targeting & Positioning

XIBMS – Segmentation, Targeting & Positioning

\"XIBMS

XIBMS – Segmentation, Targeting & Positioning

Profiles Group is a leading interior decorator and designer in the country. Mr. Neerav Gupta, one of the partners in the group has invested a good amount of money in the business. The other two partners namely Mr. Pratham Gupta who is a distant cousin of Neerav and Mr. Dev Suri are mainly into managing the firm’s country wide operations. Mr. Stanley Pereira, who is more of a sleeping partner, looks after the administrative and financial aspects of the firm.

Profiles Group has around 44 service centers in the country including state capitals and several developing cities. Since the firm’s inception in 1998, its progress has been unstoppable. The clients include many reputed companies, hotel chains, popular celebrities and even hospitals and commercial banks.

 

A brief background of the Partners:

Neerav Gupta had a family owned business that was into manufacturing wooden furniture but Neerav‟s interest was more into decorating. So, after completing a Master’s course in interior designing from a reputed college abroad, he decided to start his own interior design services. Meanwhile, the furniture manufacturing business was handed over to Pratham Gupta due to property and family settlement issues. But, Pratham decided to join Neerav and they both started a partnership firm.

Dev Suri, a friend of Neerav who had been living abroad, sold out his real estate business and had decided to settle on the Indian soil itself. He offered help by providing additional capital and his knowledge of real estates did help the firm although in a small way. Stanley Pereira, an experienced teacher and consultant, had worked previously in leading interior designing colleges and was instrumental in making required changes in syllabus structure and interior designing courses. He has also written many books and articles on the topic. He had retired early due to family commitments but landed up in Profiles Group as a Partner through mutual contacts.

 

The conversation:

All the four partners are comfortably sitting face to face on a peach colored cushioned sofa which is situated near the window corner inside Neerav’s well-structured office.

Pratham Gupta feels that since their firm has invested large funds, they must enter into more market segments especially the smaller ones. And, regarding this issue, a professional conversation takes place among the partners. The talks are as follows:

Pratham: “So, what do you think about expanding our market segments to smaller more ordinary markets?”

Stanley: “What are you exactly trying to say, Pratham? Will you explain it?”

Pratham: “Listen guys, right now, we have 44 centers and competent people to work under us, but when we see our customer base, it looks small and limited. What I mean to say is that we also need to have those individual household customers who are looking for service expertise in this field. Most household customers don’t get the necessary information as to how to go about the interiors or how to decorate their home/offices etc.”

Neerav: “I agree with your points Pratham, but don\’t you think if we have to reach the smaller segments of the market, we need a different approach to cater to their needs. We would have to advertise and communicate to these segments in a customised way. This will increase the promotion budget and our focus on the existing customers may be compromised.” Dev: “I think we need to get a balance here. Pratham‟s points are valid enough and it will make Profiles group more productive. If need be, we may have to take help of a service consultancy in order to penetrate deeper markets.”

Stanley: “Okay… so, even if we allocate these segments, we need to target them in a way where we will know the immediate impact of these segments. We have to position in such manner that we get this customer base to keep moving towards us… however, the problem lies in the demand for our product in these segments!”

Pratham: “What is that problem you are talking about, Stanley?”

Stanley: “I will tell the problem, we know our product… but these individual customer segments will see our product as a one time purchase… Interiors and designing is done by a household customer at one point… very rarely, he will seek for a change or improvement. So, is it acceptable that we cater to their one time need and then let go?”

Neerav: “I do understand that point… But, that’s always the case in our business. Interior decorations and designs are usually considered one-time expenditure by household customers…. and as a matter of fact, that has not affected the way we do our business or on our returns.”

Pratham: “See, even otherwise it should not affect our firm because individual customer segments are willing to pay or spend on interiors. If they need a good, comfortable home along with a neat set of furniture then why don’t we cater to that need, even if it’s a one time demand from a particular customer? This is exactly what I meant earlier when I said, given the expertise we have, why don’t we use it to expand our customer base? Of course, we may have to develop suitable pricing strategies, promotion strategies for these market segments which is according to me, not a big thing to do.”

Dev: “Let’s first consult with our marketing hero and ask their opinion or suggestions as well”

Dev takes out his cell phone to dial Mr. Sunil’s number and he immediately gets the connection. Sunil is the head of the marketing section and he is very efficient in his job. He also has an acceptable humour quotient. Dev asks Sunil to come over to Neerav’s office.

 

Sunil enters the office:

Sunil: “What’s up, Bosses?”

Dev gives a brief explanation to Sunil about the potential market.

Sunil: “that’s a welcome sign actually… we have the necessary resources and we are available to any customer at any given point… So, I think it‟s a good idea that we update our customer profiles also… Only thing is we have to make sure we are targeting and positioning our customer segment in the way they feel comfortable to approach us…”

Pratham: “Nicely said Sunil… You are our man in this task…. We rely on you to make our markets bigger and customer segments broader…”

Sunil: “Always thinking in the interests of Profiles Group, Mr. Gupta… Not to worry… You tell me the confirmed plans and leave the execution on me…”

Neerav: “Well, what can I say? If we are sure about managing the newer segments which is existing out there, then our work is just to target them and position our product as per the given requirements”

Dev: “There is one important suggestion I would like to present here…. We need to ensure that we properly differentiate our existing customers from the newer ones so that we are not overriding one another or our customers don’t feel compromised at any point.”

Stanley: “That’s a really valuable suggestion, Dev… I completely agree with this point”

Sunil: “Me too… Mr. Suri has stated an absolute theory… But, it’s not that we can’t take the benefits from the two and use it for our purpose… Somewhere, we can link the newer segments with the existing ones and gradually Profiles Group will mean the same to every one. That is however applicable in the long term… For now, we need to attend our customer base on a one-to-one basis… So, we do it slow and steady”

Neerav: “Sunil, I don’t understand, but whenever you speak you visualize the big picture as well… I admire your quality and also that you are very loyal to Profiles Group”

Sunil: “Anytime Mr. Gupta, I am at your service….Just give the command and it will be done”

All of them laugh at that comment and decide to have an official meeting regarding the Segmenting, Targeting and Positioning strategies for the potential market. Within a month, the scheduled meeting is done with the involvement of key people and various points are noted down for implementation.

The marketing team after a brainstorming session also comes up with a collective idea about introducing Re-decorating and re-designing to be offered as a part of Profile’s group’s services. This meant that clients or customers can think about re-designing or re-decorating their homes/offices with the already available possessions and existing furniture. This also meant less cost to the clients. This idea was taken up seriously and plans to implement such services were already underway.

 

The Progress:

The next six months in the Profiles Group has made everyone busy with different tasks and agendas to be accomplished. Sunil is the busiest person around and he is actively engaged in marketing activities related to the targeting and positioning of their product to the new customer base.

Very soon, the results are noticeable in the Profiles Group. After a considerable amount of planning and hard work, the subsequent months showed positive results as given below:

 The markets are segmented based on the income level of the household customers

 Their needs, wants and demands are analyzed

 These markets are targeted based on their desire, willingness and capabilities to attain the required interiors and furnishings.

 Sunil headed a separate section namely Re-designing and Re-decorating Services at the firm’s main office. Sunil was immediately involved in making special centers for Re-designing and re-decorating services in different parts of the country.

 Marketing section was taken over by a competent person – Ms. Sneha Agarwal who has over 8 years of experience in interior designing. She was chosen on the recommendation of Stanley Pereira as Sneha had been a merit student previously and Stanley had been her teacher.

 Neerav had even managed to get some MNC‟s as the firm’s clients.

 Positioning of Profiles Group’s product and services was done in three ways –

 For the already existing customer base which include the corporate and business houses, film industry and celebrities and other big units who spend huge amounts on the interior decorations.

 For the newer segments also termed as the individual household segments who have limited spending abilities but have a desire for elegant interiors at reasonable rates.

 For the collective market – re-design and re-decor services were offered.

 The structure of the firm’s web-site was made more user-friendly and included several videos showing how proper layout and interiors increased efficiency, easy movement, allowed more lighting and ventilation and created a feeling of well-being and comfort.

 A CD was also launched which included these videos and the necessary information of the Profile’s firm with the contact addresses and numbers. The CD also included interview with certain well-known clients who were highly satisfied with the firm’s services. This established trust and good communication in the market.

 Soon enough, the firm launches into environmental friendly interiors and develops „Go Green‟ initiatives that uses more re-cycled and renewable substances.

 There was a plan to begin annual contests and games which involved household customer segments to give their ideas or suggestions for a well laid out interiors using eco-friendly materials and “Go-Green‟ initiatives.

 

The Partners and the interview:

It’s been two years now since Profile’s Group had moved into individual household segments.

All four partners are seated on the sofa inside Neerav‟s office except this time the sofa is of cream shade and a press reporter namely Namitha Goel is sitting on a single sofa across them. Namitha Goel had scheduled this interview and later will be published in the “Living Designs”, a new monthly magazine that deals with interiors. She begins with a direct question to Neerav –

Namitha: “Mr. Neerav Gupta, do you think the reason for the substantial increase in your customer base is due to the Redesign and re-decoration services?

Neerav: “Well, to a considerable extent, I believe it is so. Re-design is not about my taste or your taste. It’s about working with what the client owns and making them happy. Most people are good in re-arranging their stuff but they don’t have time or energy to do it. So, we offer them this assistance.”

Namitha: “How come you got this thought about making these household segments as your customers? I mean, your firm is associated with the influential clientele base and considering that, why did you feel that these household segments would prove to be a lucrative market for you?”

Neerav: “The entire credit for making individual household segments as our customers goes to my business partners here, my workforce and their efforts. Around two and a half years back, we had just got into a conversation in this very same office and Pratham suggested about tapping these markets with our available resources. Let me clarify that we decided to target this segment not for profits but we felt they too would benefit from our expertise in this field.”

Namitha: “According to the market survey, it seems that there is no close competitor for you in this business. So, your firm stands at the top like it’s been from a long time. What do you say in this matter?”

Neerav is about to answer but his cell phone rings and he attends to it quickly.

Neerav: “Excuse me, Ms. Namitha.., I have urgent business call that can’t wait…, Carry on with your questions and my team mates will answer. I have to go now.” He addresses his partners and leaves the office in a hurry.

The interview proceeds and remaining partners contribute their views. The interview takes another 45 minutes and Namitha Goel is satisfied with her work as a press reporter. She leaves the Profile’s Group office with a sense of achievement.

The next month’s issue of “Living Designs” carries the cover story of the Profiles Group with the partners‟ exclusive interview placed in the shaded column of the magazine pages.

 

Questions: 1 Examine the progress of Profile’s Group as a leading interior designer and decorator.

Questions:  2 What kind of change was observed in the STP strategy of the firm and how was it useful?

Questions: 3 Evaluate the working of Profile’s group with respect to the Segmenting, Targeting and Positioning of markets. Do you have any suggestions for the firm?

\"XIBMS

XIBMS – Segmentation, Targeting & Positioning

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Quality Assurance: Their primary aim is to deliver high-quality content that meets academic standards and fulfills the requirements of the university assignments. This involves thorough research, proper structuring, and adherence to guidelines provided by the educational institution.

Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically appropriate manner. They focus on effective communication to ensure the content is easily understandable to the target audience.

Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

Customization and Client Satisfaction: They tailor their services to individual student needs, providing personalized assistance and ensuring client satisfaction by addressing specific requirements and preferences.

Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

 

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IIBMS – ARQ LTD

CASE: 5

IIBMS – ARQ LTD

\"IIBMS

IIBMS – ARQ LTD

ARQ Ltd is an Indian company based in Greater Noida, which manufactures packaging materials for food items.  The company maintains a present fleet of five fiat cars and two Contessa Classic cars for its chairman, general manager and five senior managers.  The book value of the seven cars is Rs. 20, 00,000 and their market value is estimated at Rs. 15, 00,000.  All the cars fall under the same block of depreciation @ 25 per cent.

 

  A German multinational company (MNC) BYR Ltd has acquired ARQ Ltd in all cash deal.  The merged company called BYR India Ltd is proposing to expand the manufacturing capacity by four folds and the organization structure is reorganized from top to bottom.  The German MNC has the policy of providing transport facility to all senior executives (22) of the company because the manufacturing plant at Greater Noida was more than 10 kms outside Delhi where most of the executives were staying.

Manager (10) Santro King Rs.    3,75,000
DGM and GM (5) Honda City           6,75,000
Director (5) Toyota Corolla           9,25,000
Managing Director (1) Sonata Gold          13,50,000
Chairman (1) Mercedes benz          23,50,000

Prices of the cars to be provided to the Executives have been as follows:

The company is evaluating two options for providing these cars to executives

Option 1 : The company will buy the cars and pay the executives fuel expenses, maintenance expenses, driver allowance and insurance (at the year – end).  In such case, the ownership of the car will lie with the company.  The details of the proposed allowances and expenditures to be paid are as follows:

  1. a) Fuel expense and maintenance Allowances per month
Particulars Fuel expenses Maintenance allowance
Manager

DGM and GM

Director

Managing Director

Chairman

Rs.    2,500

5,000

7,500

12,000

18,000

Rs.    1,000

1,200

1,800

3,000

4,000

  1. b) Driver Allowance: Rs. 4,000 per month (Only Chairman, Managing Director and Directors are eligible for driver allowance.)
  2. c) Insurance cost: 1 per cent of the cost of the car.

 

The useful life for the cars is assumed to be five years after which they can be sold at 20 per cent salvage value.  All the cars fall under the same block of depreciation @ 25 per cent using written down method of depreciation.  The company will have to borrow to finance the purchase from a bank with interest at 14 per cent repayable in five annual equal instalments payable at the end of the year.

 

Option 2 : ORIX, The fleet management company has offered the 22 cars of the same make at lease for the period of five years.  The monthly lease rentals for the cars are as follows (assuming that the total of monthly lease rentals for the whole year are paid at the end of each year.

 

Santro Xing                                                     Rs.  9,125

Honda City                                                           16,325

Toyota Corolla                                                        27,175

Sonata Gold                                                            39,250

Mercedes Benz                                                       61,250

Under this lease agreement the leasing company, ORIX will pay for the fuel, maintenance and driver expenses for all the cars.  The lessor will claim the depreciation on the cars and the lessee will claim the lease rentals against the taxable income.  BYR India Ltd will have to hire fulltime supervisor (at monthly salary of Rs. 15,000 per month) to manage the fleet of cars hired on lease. The company will have to bear additional miscellaneous expense of Rs. 5,000 per month for providing him the PC, mobioe phone and so on.

The company’s effective tax rate is 40 per cent and its cost of capital is 15 per cent.

  1.           Analyse the financial viability of the two options.  Which option would you recommend?  Why?
\"IIBMS\"

IIBMS – ARQ LTD

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IIBMS – COMPUTATION OF COST OF CAPITAL OF PALCO LTD

CASE : 4

IIBMS – COMPUTATION OF COST OF CAPITAL OF PALCO LTD

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IIBMS – COMPUTATION OF COST OF CAPITAL OF PALCO LTD

In October 2003, Neha Kapoor, a recent MBA graduate and newly appointed assistant to the Financial Controller of Palco Ltd, was given a list of six new investment projects proposed for the following year.  It was her job to analyse these projects and to present her findings before the Board of Directors at its annual meeting to be held in 10 days.  The new project would require an investment of Rs. 2.4 crore.

       Palco Ltd was founded in 1965 by Late Shri A. V. Sinha. It gained recognition as a leading producer of high quality aluminum, with the majority of its sales being made to Japan.  During the rapid economic expansion of Japan in the 1970s, demand for aluminum boomed, and palco’s sales grew rapidly.  As a result of this rapid growth and recognition of new opportunities in the energy market, Palco began to diversify its products line.  While retaining its emphasis on aluminum production, it expanded operations to include uranium mining and the production of electric generators, and finally, it went into all phases of energy production.  By 2003, Palco’s sales had reached Rs. 14 crore level, with net profit after taxes attaining a record of Rs. 67 lakh.

As Palco expanded its products line in the early 1990s, it also formalized its caital budgeting procedure.  Until 1992, capital investment projects were selected primarily on the basis of the average return on investment calculations, with individual departments submitting these calculations for projects falling within their division.  In 1996, this procedure was replaced by one using present value as the decision making criterion. This change was made to incorporate cash flows rather than accounting profits into the decision making analysis, in addition to adjusting these flows for the time value of money.  At the time, the cost of capital for Palco was determined to be 12 per cent, which has been used as the discount rate for the past 5 years.  This rate was determined by taking a weighted average cost Palco had incurred in raising funds from the capital market over the previous 10 years.

It had originally been Neha’s assignment to update this rate over the most recent 10-year period and determine the net present value of all the proposed investment opportunities using this newly calculated figure.  However, she objected to this procedure, stating that while this calculation gave a good estimate of “the past cost” of capital, changing interest rates and stock prices made this calculation of little value in the present.  Neha suggested that current cost of raising funds in the capital market be weighted by their percentage mark-up of the capital structure.  This proposal was received enthusiastically by the Financial Controller of the Palco, and Neha was given the assignment of recalculating Palco’s cost of capital and providing a written report for the Board of Directors explaining and justifying this calculation.

To determine a weighted average cost of capital for Palco, it was necessary for Neha to examine the cost associated with each source of funding used.  In the past, the largest sources of funding had been the issuance of new equity shares and internally generated funds.  Through conversations with Financial Controller and other members of the Board of Directors, Neha learnt that the firm, in fact, wished to maintain its current financial structure as shown in Exhibit 1.

 

Exhibit 1 Palco Ltd Balance Sheet for Year Ending March 31, 2003

Assets Liabilities and Equity
Cash

Accounts receivable

Inventories

Total current assets

Net fixed assets

Goodwill

Total assets

Rs.      90,00,000

3,10,00,000

1,20,00,000

5,20,00,000

19,30,00,000

    70,00,000

25,20,00,000

 

Accounts payable

Short-term debt

Accrued taxes

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt

Preference shares

Retained earnings

Equity shares

Total liabilities and equity shareholders fund

 

Rs.      8,50,000

1,00,000

11,50,000

1,20,00,000

7,20,00,000

4,80,00,000

1,00,00,000

  11,00,000

 

25,20,00,000

 

 

She further determined that the strong growth patterns that Palco had exhibited over the last ten years were expected to continue indefinitely because of the dwindling supply of US and Japanese domestic oil and the growing importance of other alternative energy resources.  Through further investigations, Neha learnt that Palco could issue additional equity share, which had a par value of Rs. 25 per share and were selling at a current market price of Rs. 45.  The expected dividend for the next period would be Rs. 4.4 per share, with expected growth at a rate of 8 percent per year for the foreseeable future.  The flotation cost is expected to be on an average Rs. 2 per share.

       Preference shares at 11 per cent with 10 years maturity could also be issued with the help of an investment banker with an investment banker with a per value of Rs. 100 per share to be redeemed at par.  This issue would involve flotation cost of 5 per cent.

Finally, Neha learnt that it would be possible for Palco to raise an additional Rs. 20 lakh through a 7 – year loan from Punjab National Bank at 12 per cent.  Any amount raised over Rs. 20 lakh would cost 14 per cent.  Short-term debt has always been usesd by Palco to meet working capital requirements and as Palco grows, it is expected to maintain its proportion in the capital structure to support capital expansion.  Also, Rs. 60 lakh could be raised through a bond issue with 10 years maturity with a 11 percent coupon at the face value.  If it becomes necessary to raise more funds via long-term debt, Rs. 30 lakh more could be accumulated through the issuance of additional 10-year bonds sold at the face value, with the coupon rate raised to 12 per cent, while any additional funds raised via long-term debt would necessarily have a 10 – year maturity with a 14 per cent coupon yield.  The flotation cost of issue is expected to be 5 per cent.  The issue price of bond would be Rs. 100 to be redeemed at par.

In the past, Palco had calculated a weighted average of these sources of funds to determine its cost of capital.  In discussion with the current Financial Controller, the point was raised that while this served as an appropriate calculation for external funds, it did not take into account the cost of internally generated funds.  The Financial Controller agreed that there should be some cost associated with retained earnings and need to be incorporated in the calculations but didn’t have any clue as to what should be the cost.

  1.        Palco Ltd is subjected to the corporate tax rate of 40 per cent.
  2.        From the facts outlined above what report would Neha submit to the Board of Directors of palco Ltd? 
\"IIBMS\"

IIBMS – COMPUTATION OF COST OF CAPITAL OF PALCO LTD

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XIBMS – Managerial Economics

XIBMS – Managerial Economics

\"XIBMS

XIBMS – Managerial Economics

1. Managerial Economics is the application of Economic Theory to business management. Discuss. [16]

2. What are the needs for demand forecasting? Explain the various steps involved in demand forecasting. [16]

3. Define production function. How is it helpful while taking output decisions? [16]

4. (a) \’ The monopolist represents one man industry’? Comment and discuss how equilibrium position can be attained by the monopolist.
(b) Use appropriate diagrams to supplement your answer. [10+6]

5. (a) Define partnership and explain its salient features and limitations.
(b) What are the qualities of a good partner? [8+8]

6. What are the components of working capital? Explain each of them. [16]

7. Give a brief account on the important records of Accounting under Double entry system and discuss briefly the scope of each. [16]
8. (a) From the information (given with attachments), calculate [16]
i. Debt Equity ratio
ii. Current ratio
(b) Calculate Interest Coverage ratio from the information (given with attachments) .

A.

RS. RS.
Debentures 1,40,000 Bank balance 30,000
Long term loans 70,000 Sundry Debtors 70,000
General reserve 40,000
Creditors 66,000
Bills payable 14,000
Share capital 1,20,000

B.

Rs.
Net profit after deducting interest and taxes 6,00,000
12% Debentures of the face value of 15,00,000
Amount provided towards taxation 1,20,000

 

\"XIBMS

XIBMS – Managerial Economics

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Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

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Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

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ISBM – After surviving from an attack on her life from Taliban, Malala intensified her efforts to fight for the Children’s rights and girls’ education.

Principles & Practice of Management

\"\"

CASE STUDY (20 MARKS)

After surviving an attack on her life by the Taliban, Malala intensified her efforts to fight for Children’s rights and girls’ education. In her endeavor to achieve the objectives, she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize award for the year 2014. This case therefore focuses on the life and work of Malala and provides a discussion point on the management concepts of motivation and leadership. On December 10, 2014, Malala Yousafzai (Malala) became the youngest person and the first Pakistani to receive the Nobel Peace Award. She received the award along with Indian child rights activist Kailash Satyarthi. Speaking at the event, Malala described herself as a committed and stubborn person aiming to look at a world where every child would have access to quality education, every woman would have equal rights, and there would be peace in every corner of the world. She also spoke about the passion young girls had for education in her region. She said in a simple yet strong message: “We had a thirst for education because our future was right there in that classroom, we would sit and learn and read together.” Malala had a lot of dedication and motivation towards education and believed it was a boon to all human beings, especially children.

Answer the following question.

 

Q1. Explain the leadership qualities of Malala.

 

Q2. Discuss the life and work of Malala.

 

Q3. Explain the motivation behind Malala’s activities.

 

Q4. Discuss the reasons for awarding the Nobel Peace Prize to Malala.

 

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Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually.

Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically appropriate manner. They focus on effective communication to ensure the content is easily understandable to the target audience.

Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively.

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Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

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IIBMS – SMOOTHDRIVE TYRE LTD

CASE: 3

IIBMS – SMOOTHDRIVE TYRE LTD

\"IIBMS\"

IIBMS – SMOOTHDRIVE TYRE LTD

Smoothdrive Tyre Ltd manufacturers tyres under the brand name “Super Tread’ for the domestic car market.  It is presently using 7 machines acquired 3 years ago at a cost of Rs. 15 lakh each having a useful life of 7 years, with no salvage value.

After extensive research and development, Smoothdrive Tyre Ltd has recently developed a new tyre, the ‘Hyper Tread’ and must decide whether to make the investments necessary to produce and market the Hyper Tread.  The Hyper Tread would be ideal for drivers doing a large amount of wet weather and off road driving in addition to normal highway usage.  The research and development costs so far total Rs. 1, 00, 00,000.  The Hyper Tread would be put on the market beginning this year and Smoothdrive Tyrs expects it to stay on the market for a total of three years. Test marketing costing Rs. 50, 00,000, shows that there is significant market for a Hyper Tread type tyre.

As a financial analyst at Smoothdrive Tyre, Mr. Mani asked by the Chief Financial Officer (CFO), Mr. Tyrewala to evaluate the Hyper-Tread project and to provide a recommendation or whether or not to proceed with the investment.  He has been informed that all previous investments in the Hyper Tread project are sunk costs are only future cash flows should be considered.  Except for the initial investments, which occur immediately, assume all cash flows occur at the year-end.

Smoothedrive Tyre must initially invest Rs. 72, 00, 00,000 in production equipments to make the Hyper Tread.  They would be depreciated at a rate of 25 per cent as per the written down value (WDV) method for tax purposes.  The new production equipments will allow the company to follow flexible manufacturing technique that is both the brands of tyres can be produced using the same equipments.  The equipments are expected to have a 7-year useful life and can be sold for Rs. 10, 00,000 during the fourth year.  The company does not have any other machines in the block of 25 per cent depreciation.  The existing machines can be sold off at Rs. 8 lakh per machine with an estimated removal cost of one machine for Rs. 50,000.

Operating Requirements

The operating requirements of the existing machines and the new equipment are detailed in Exhibits 11.1 and 11.2 respectively.

Exhibit 11.1 Existing Machines

  • Labour costs (expected to increase 10 per cent annually to account for inflation) :
  • 20 unskilled labour @ Rs. 4,000 per month
  • 20 skilled personnel @ Rs. 6,000 per month.
  • 2 supervising executives @ Rs. 7,000 per month.
  • 2 maintenance personnel @ Rs. 5,000 per month.
    • Maintenance cost :

Years 1-5 : Rs. 25 lakh

Years 6-7: Rs. 65 lakh

  • Operating expenses: Rs. 50 lakh expected to increase at 5 per cent
  • Insurance cost / premium :

Year 1: 2 per cent of the original cost of machine

After year 1: Discounted by 10 per cent.

 

Exhibit 11.2 New production Equipment

  • Savings in cost of utilities : Rs. 2.5 lakh
  • Maintenance costs :

Year 1 – 2 :  Rs. 8 lakh

Year 3 – 4 :  Rs. 30 lakh

  • Labour costs :

9 skilled personnel @ Rs. 7,000 per month

1 maintenance personnel @ Rs. 7,000 per month.

  • Cost of retrenchment of 34 personnel: (20 unskilled, 11 skilled, 2 supervisors and 1 maintenance personnel) : Rs. 9,90,000, that is equivalent to six months’ salary.
  • Insurance premium

Year 1 : 2 per cent of the purchase cost of machine

After year 1 : Discounted by 10 per cent.

 

The opening expenses do not change to any considerable extent for the new equipment and the difference is negligible compared to the scale of operations.

 

Smoothdrive Tyre intends to sell Hyper Tread of two distinct markets:

  1. The original equipment manufacturer (OEM) market: The OEM market consists primarily of the large automobile companies who buy tyres for new cars. In the OEM market, the Hyper Tread is expected to sell for Rs. 1,200 per tyre. The variable cost to produce each Hyper Tread is Rs. 600.
  2. The replacement market: The replacement market consists of all tyres purchased after the automobile has left the factory. This market allows higher margins and Smoothdrive Tyre expects to sell the Hyper Tread for Rs. 1.500 per tyre.  The variable costs are the same as in the OEM market.

Smoothdrive Tyre expects to raise prices by 1 percent above the inflation rate. 

The variable costs will also increase by 1 per cent above the inflation rate.  In addition, the Hyper Tread project will incur Rs. 2, 50,000 in marketing and general administration cost in the first year which are expected to increase at the inflation rate in subsequent years.

Smoothdrive Tyre’s corporate tax rate is 35 per cent.  Annual inflation is expected to remain constant at 3.25 per cent.  Smoothdrive Tyre uses a 15 per cent discount rate to evaluate new product decisions.

The Tyre Market

Automotive industry analysts expect automobile manufacturers to have a production of 4, 00,000 new cars this year and growth in production at 2.5 per year onwards.  Each new car needs four new tyres (the spare tyres are undersized and fall in a different category) Smoothdrive Tyre expects the Hyper Tread to capture an 11 per cent share of the OEM market.

The industry analysts estimate that the replacement tyre market size will be one crore this year and that it would grow at 2 per cent annually.  Smoothdrive Tyre expects the Hyper Tread to capture an 8 per cent market share.

You also decide to consider net working capital (NWC) requirements in this scenario.  The net working capital requirement will be 15 per cent of sales.  Assume that the level of working capital is adjusted at the beginning of the year in relation to the expected sales for the year.  The working capital is to be liquidated at par, barring an estimated loss of Rs. 1.5 crore on account of bad debt. The bad debt will be a tax-deductible expenses.

  1.        As a finance analyst prepare a report for submission to the CFO and the Board of Directors explaining to them the feasibility of the new investment.
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IIBMS – SMOOTHDRIVE TYRE LTD

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ISBM – After completing MBA, Sunil decided to join his father Shiva who was running a chain of apparel stores.

Principles and Practice of Management

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Case (20 Marks)

 

After completing their MBA, Sunil decided to join his father Shiva who was running a chain of apparel stores. It was started 50 years ago. His father was an astute businessman having good knowledge and skills he turned the business from a single store to a fairly

large and profitable chain of 30 stores. Sunil was brilliant and was taking a keen interest in work. All the store managers were meeting fortnightly at HO. His major work was communication and motivation. Although Managers listened carefully to suggestions in meetings their subsequent actions made Sunil wonder if they had heeded his advice. He increasingly heard reports that many employees did not know the company’s goals. He strongly felt that many of them were just doing their jobs without showing any imagination or drive. Additionally, he was concerned that some of his best managers and people had quit and taken positions with his competitors. Shiva told his son that his major concerns were communication and motivation.

Answer the following question.

 

Q1. If you were Sunil what would you say to Shiva?

 

Q2. Suggest ways that how the motivation and communication theories studied by you Can be applied.

 

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Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced.

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Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

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