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XIBMS – Total Quality Management

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XIBMS – Total Quality Management XIBMS – Total Quality Management \’Carcom\’ is a supplier of automotive safety components employing around 700 staff which is located on two sites in Northern Ireland. The company was originally American owned but after a joint venture with a Japanese partner in the late 1980s, it was eventually bought out by the latter. The quality initiative began in 1988-89 with a five-year plan based on the Kaizen philosophy, this concept having been picked up from the Japanese partner. This was driven by senior management in response to what they saw as increasing customer demand and operating considerations. The achievement of ISO 9001 registration in 1990 brought together processes carried out by departments which had previously been undertaken in isolation. The company is now focusing on Kaizen with the principles of improvement, customer delight, systems focus and participation. A range of quality management tools and techniques are used. A TQM steering committee is responsible for overall direction but there is also a further steering committee to oversee implementation of the Quality Improvement Teams (QITs) as well as a full time coordinator. There are teams of shop floor operators based on natural workgroups, and these tend to focus on product problems and environmental issues (such as working conditions). In contrast, Kaizen teams focus on process improvements (for example, die change) and problem-solving workgroups are established in response to specific customer concerns (for example, warranty claims). Senior managers stress that a long-term approach is now being taken which is in contrast to some of the programmes in the early 1980s. These former piecameal initiatives included quality circles which had been characterized by considerable changes in personnel , with a number of champions having moved on leaving behind a flagging initiative in contrast, the company is now taking time to get the processes right and providing a central focus through quality for change. Cultural change is the aim but it is recognized that only incremental progress can be achieved and that a supportive attitude is required from management Thus, QIT members are given extensive training and are encouraged to tackle problems which give earlly success and build teamwork, rather than put pressure on teams to deliver immediately on big issues. The Impact of the TQM Initiative While it is still early days, the initiative is already felt to have had a major impact. The management structure has been reduced by one layer, shop floor layout has been improved, and scrap rates, stock, work-in-progress and inspection times have been reduced, so too have the numbers of inspectors, whose role is now seen as one of analysts. Employee response to these changes has generally been positive, and the company has spent considerable effort in relating \’quality\’ directly to employees\’ work, particularly through the use of measures which are displayed adjacent to the workstation and maintained by staff themselves. The unions were assured that there would not be job losses as a result of Kaizen, although they continue to have concerns about this and also raise the issue of payment for changes in job roles – particularly in relation to Spec. The company has adopted an open information policy to foster greater trust at the workplace, and business-related issues are given greater prominence at the joint works committee meetings. Management also believe that the quality initiative has led to a reduction in union influences although this was not an original objective. The Strategic Nature of the Human Resource Function The human resource function has emerged from welfare to a more strategic role in recent years. This has been assisted by an MD who is regarded as a ‘people’s person\’ claiming that \’you can\’t divorce people from quality,\’ and by the appointment of a personnel director to the board together with a new industrial relations manager. This has broadened the role of human resources and enhanced its status The appointment of a training manager was significant, since under the previous regime little off-the-job training was conducted. Training budgets have actually increased in volume and monetary terms despite the company\’s recently recorded trading losses. Recruitment and selection are becoming more sophisticated as the company wish to identify team workers. The links between human resources and quality were made explicitly by the MD : \”We cannot separate HR from TQM, and without HR the QIP will not work effectively.\” In addition to the issues mentioned above, the function was also seen as being important in building the people aspect into the strategic quality planning process. Addressing the problem of absenteeism, and supporting line management by helping to change employee attitudes/organizational culture. In addition, the function has provided appropriate training programmes for quality, in which there has been considerable investment in time and resources, it has counseled the mentors to the QIT, and ensured that managers communicate with staff by providing advice on the best means of doing this. Quality principles are also being developed in relation to the human resource function, with specific targets being set (for example, for absenteeism) as well as more general aims (for example, on training). Questions: (a) Analyze the links between TQM and HRM with reference both to this case study and more generally. (b) What does the case study demonstrate about the contribution a personnel/HRM function can make to the development of TQM in an organization? (c) How might the principles of TQM be applied to a personnel function? (d) What general implications does TQM have for industrial relations? XIBMS – Total Quality Management XIBMS Institute XIBMS Answer sheets, academic support XIBMS assignment help, student assistance XIBMS Institute solutions Xavier mba answer sheets Xibms mba case study answers Xibms case study answers Xavier emba answer sheets Xavier emba case study papers Xibms gms answer sheets Xavier gms case study papers Xavier advance diploma answer sheets Xibms advance diploma case study answer sheets Xibms dms case study answers Xavier dms case study papers At Global Study Solutions, we take immense pride in our ability to offer specialized support to

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XIBMS – SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

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XIBMS – SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT XIBMS – SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT New York-based Kozmo, the 3-year-old company announced that it would stop delivery service in all nine cities it operates. New York-based Kozmo, which dispatched legions of orange-clad deliverymen to cart goods to customers\’ doors, is the latest dot.com dream to evaporate in the market downturn. Amazon com, venture capital firm Flatiron Partners and coffee giant Starbucks were among the investors in Kozmo. Kozmo said in December that investors promised a total of $30 million in private funding. But last month the company learned that an investor had backed out of a $6 million commitment. Kozmo executives had been working on a merger deal with Los Angeles-based PDQuick, another online grocer, sources said. The deal collapsed when funding that was promised to PDQuick did not materialize. Sources said Kozmo still has money but decided to close now and liquidate to ensure that employees could receive a severance package. Just last month, Kozmo Chief Executive Gerry Burdo was upbeat about Kozmo\’s future, saying he was looking to steer Kozmo away from its Internet-only business model and toward a \”clicks and bricks\” approach. But some analysts say Kozmo\’s business model only made sense in the context of a densely packed city such as New York. Vern Keenan, a financial analyst with Keenan Vision, said the service had a chance to work in only a few other cities around the world, such as London, Stockholm or Paris. \”This seemed like a dumb idea from the beginning,\” Keenan said. \”This grew out of a New York City frame of mind and it simply didn\’t translate.\” Kozmo was started by a pair of twenty-something former college roommates. They got the idea for the company on a night when they craved videos and snacks and wished a business existed that would deliver it to them. Kozmo offered free delivery and charged competitive prices when it launched in New York. Though customers loved the service, the costs of delivery were high. After co-founder and former Chief Executive Joseph park stepped down, Burdo slashed Kozmo\’s overhead, instituted a delivery fee and oversaw several rounds of layoffs. The company also closed operations in San Diego and Houston. Burdo said last month that profitability was not far away. The company had reached a milestone last December when it reported profits at one of its operations for the first time. Kozmo later saw two more operations reach profitability as a result of brisk holiday business. Online delivery companies have been among the most ravaged by the Internet shakeout. Kozmo\’s rival in New York, Urbanfetch, shuttered its consumer operations last fall. Online grocers such as Webvan and Peapod have also struggled, and smaller operations such as Streamline.com and ShopLink.com have dosed down. Peapod was days away from closing last year when Dutch grocer Royal Ahold agreed to take a majority stake. From the very beginning, supply chain management was to be a core competency of Kozmo. The promising dot.com would deliver your order everything from the latest video to electronics equipment in less than an hour. The technology was superior, the employees were enthusiastic, the customers were satisfied. But eventually, Kozmo ran out of time and money. Questions: (a) What, in your opinion, is the major reason for the failure of Kozmo? (b) Do you think that Kozmo promised what its supply chain could not bear? What could have prevented its shut-down? XIBMS – SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT XIBMS Institute XIBMS Answer sheets, academic support XIBMS assignment help, student assistance XIBMS Institute solutions Xavier mba answer sheets Xibms mba case study answers Xibms case study answers Xavier emba answer sheets Xavier emba case study papers Xibms gms answer sheets Xavier gms case study papers Xavier advance diploma answer sheets Xibms advance diploma case study answer sheets Xibms dms case study answers Xavier dms case study papers At Global Study Solutions, we take immense pride in our ability to offer specialized support to students pursuing various programs at XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). Our dedicated team comprises experienced professionals who excel in crafting precise and well-researched solutions for assignments and case studies across different disciplines and courses. Our commitment to aiding students in achieving academic success aligns perfectly with the educational standards upheld by XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). We understand the importance of delivering high-quality, customized solutions that meet the unique requirements of assignments and case studies within the institute\’s curriculum. Whether in MBA, EMBA, GMS, DMS, or any other programs offered at XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies), our team is equipped to provide expert guidance and meticulously crafted solutions. We prioritize accuracy, originality, and timely delivery, ensuring students receive the necessary assistance to excel academically. We are dedicated to fostering an environment of academic excellence and providing dependable support to the esteemed students of XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). XIBMS Answer Sheets Customized Answer Solutions MBA Assignment Solutions EMBA Case Study Solutions GMS Answer Sheets DMS Assignment Help Professional Writing Assistance Tailored Academic Solutions Specialized XIBMS Support Academic Writing Services Reliable XIBMS Assistance Get expert assistance with your XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assignments and answer sheets from our professional academic writing services. Our team specializes in supporting students with XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) coursework, ensuring top-notch answer sheets and comprehensive solutions. Ace, with our tailored assistance, your XIBMS Institute exams, offering precise guidance and accurate answer sheet preparation. Seeking reliable help for your XIBMS Institute studies? Trust our academic writing services for meticulously crafted answer sheets and exceptional support. 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XIBMS – Software Management

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XIBMS – Software Management XIBMS – Software Management Introduction to candidates: 1) Section-A is compulsory. 2) Attempt any three questions from Section-B. 3) Attempt any one question from Section-C. Section – A (10×3=30 marks) Q 1) a) What are the characteristics of Software Engineering? b) What is Software Reverse Engineering? c) What is the difference between white box testing and black box testing? d) What is meant by software reuse? What are the issues in it? e) What is the need of software testing? f) List various phases in software development life cycle. g) What is software prototyping? Where is it used? h) What do you mean by repository maintenance? i) Differentiate coupling and cohesion? j) Differentiate between throwaway prototyping and evolutionary prototyping. Section – B (3×10=30 marks) Q 2) Explain waterfall and spiral model used for SDLC. Q 3) Describe in brief various metrics for project size estimation. Q 4) What is UML? Discuss system modelling with UML. Q 5) Explain the difference between verification and validation. Q 6) What is software maintenance? Describe in brief various categories of maintenance. Section – C (1×20=20 marks) Q 7) List some of the desirable characteristics of a good SRS document. Discuss the relative advantages of format requirements specifications. List some important issues which an SRS must address. Q 8) (a) What is the use of testing phase? Give various type of testing. (b) Explain COCOMO model for software cost estimation. Q 9) Write short note on: (a) User Interface Design. (b) Software Reliability and Quality Management. XIBMS – Software Management XIBMS Institute XIBMS Answer sheets, academic support XIBMS assignment help, student assistance XIBMS Institute solutions Xavier mba answer sheets Xibms mba case study answers Xibms case study answers Xavier emba answer sheets Xavier emba case study papers Xibms gms answer sheets Xavier gms case study papers Xavier advance diploma answer sheets Xibms advance diploma case study answer sheets Xibms dms case study answers Xavier dms case study papers At Global Study Solutions, we take immense pride in our ability to offer specialized support to students pursuing various programs at XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). Our dedicated team comprises experienced professionals who excel in crafting precise and well-researched solutions for assignments and case studies across different disciplines and courses. Our commitment to aiding students in achieving academic success aligns perfectly with the educational standards upheld by XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). We understand the importance of delivering high-quality, customized solutions that meet the unique requirements of assignments and case studies within the institute\’s curriculum. Whether in MBA, EMBA, GMS, DMS, or any other programs offered at XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies), our team is equipped to provide expert guidance and meticulously crafted solutions. We prioritize accuracy, originality, and timely delivery, ensuring students receive the necessary assistance to excel academically. We are dedicated to fostering an environment of academic excellence and providing dependable support to the esteemed students of XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). XIBMS Answer Sheets Customized Answer Solutions MBA Assignment Solutions EMBA Case Study Solutions GMS Answer Sheets DMS Assignment Help Professional Writing Assistance Tailored Academic Solutions Specialized XIBMS Support Academic Writing Services Reliable XIBMS Assistance Get expert assistance with your XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assignments and answer sheets from our professional academic writing services. Our team specializes in supporting students with XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) coursework, ensuring top-notch answer sheets and comprehensive solutions. Ace, with our tailored assistance, your XIBMS Institute exams, offering precise guidance and accurate answer sheet preparation. Seeking reliable help for your XIBMS Institute studies? Trust our academic writing services for meticulously crafted answer sheets and exceptional support. Score high in your XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assessments by availing our expert aid in preparing comprehensive and well-structured answer sheets.   XIBMS Project Report Writing Services XAVIER Customized Project Reports XIBMS Institute Project Support XIBMS Professional Project Report Assistance Quality Project Documentation XIBMS Expert Project Report Writers Comprehensive Project Analysis Structured Project Report Services XAVIER Detailed Project Documentation XIBMS Project Evaluation Support Custom Project Report Formats XAVIER Project Research and Analysis MBA/EMBA/GMS/DMS Project Reports   XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assignments, solved papers, and study materials are available through our academic writing services. Seeking assistance with XIBMS Institute coursework? Our professional team delivers accurate and timely solutions for all your academic needs. Our specialized academic writing support simplifies access to XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) question papers and model answers. Need expert guidance for your XIBMS Institute assessments? Our service offers comprehensive solutions for students seeking assistance. Our academic writing services ensure precise and high-quality answers for XIBMS Institute assignments, aiding students in their educational journey.   Academic writing professionals play a crucial role in assisting students with their university assignments, striving to achieve several key goals: Quality Assurance: Their primary aim is to deliver high-quality content that meets academic standards and fulfills the requirements of the university assignments. This involves thorough research, proper structuring, and adherence to guidelines provided by the educational institution. Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced. Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually. Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically appropriate manner. They focus on effective communication to ensure the content is easily understandable to the target audience. Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively. Customization and Client Satisfaction: They tailor their services to individual student needs, providing personalized assistance and ensuring client satisfaction by addressing specific requirements and preferences. Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge

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XIBMS – Quantitative Techniques

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XIBMS – Quantitative Techniques XIBMS – Quantitative Techniques Section A Distinguish between decision making under certainty and decision making under uncertainty. Mention certain methods for solving decision problems under uncertainty. Discuss how these methods can be applied to solve decision problems. Distinguish between probability and non-probability sampling. Elucidate the reasons for the use of non-probability sampling in many situations in spite of its theoretical weaknesses. What are models? Discuss the role of models in decision-making. How can you classify models on the basis of behavior characteristics? What are matrices? How are determinants different from matrices? Discuss few applications of matrices in business.   Section B Write short notes on any ten of the following: (a) Concept of Maxima and Minima (b) Types of classification of data (c) Pascal Distribution (d) Multi-stage sampling & Multi-phase sampling (e) Box-Jenkins Models for Time Series (f) Determinant of a Square Matrix (g) Primary and Secondary Data (h) Bernoulli Process (i) The Student\’s t Distribution (j) Use of Auto-correlations in identifying Time Series (K) Absolute value function (l) Quantiles (m) Criteria of pessimism in decision theory (n) Cluster vs. Stratum (o) Moving average models (p) Step function (q) More than type ogive (r) Subjectivist\’s criterion in decision making (s) Double sampling (t) Auto regressive models XIBMS – Quantitative Techniques XIBMS Institute XIBMS Answer sheets, academic support XIBMS assignment help, student assistance XIBMS Institute solutions Xavier mba answer sheets Xibms mba case study answers Xibms case study answers Xavier emba answer sheets Xavier emba case study papers Xibms gms answer sheets Xavier gms case study papers Xavier advance diploma answer sheets Xibms advance diploma case study answer sheets Xibms dms case study answers Xavier dms case study papers At Global Study Solutions, we take immense pride in our ability to offer specialized support to students pursuing various programs at XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). Our dedicated team comprises experienced professionals who excel in crafting precise and well-researched solutions for assignments and case studies across different disciplines and courses. Our commitment to aiding students in achieving academic success aligns perfectly with the educational standards upheld by XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). We understand the importance of delivering high-quality, customized solutions that meet the unique requirements of assignments and case studies within the institute\’s curriculum. Whether in MBA, EMBA, GMS, DMS, or any other programs offered at XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies), our team is equipped to provide expert guidance and meticulously crafted solutions. We prioritize accuracy, originality, and timely delivery, ensuring students receive the necessary assistance to excel academically. We are dedicated to fostering an environment of academic excellence and providing dependable support to the esteemed students of XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). XIBMS Answer Sheets Customized Answer Solutions MBA Assignment Solutions EMBA Case Study Solutions GMS Answer Sheets DMS Assignment Help Professional Writing Assistance Tailored Academic Solutions Specialized XIBMS Support Academic Writing Services Reliable XIBMS Assistance Get expert assistance with your XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assignments and answer sheets from our professional academic writing services. Our team specializes in supporting students with XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) coursework, ensuring top-notch answer sheets and comprehensive solutions. Ace, with our tailored assistance, your XIBMS Institute exams, offering precise guidance and accurate answer sheet preparation. Seeking reliable help for your XIBMS Institute studies? Trust our academic writing services for meticulously crafted answer sheets and exceptional support. Score high in your XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assessments by availing our expert aid in preparing comprehensive and well-structured answer sheets.   XIBMS Project Report Writing Services XAVIER Customized Project Reports XIBMS Institute Project Support XIBMS Professional Project Report Assistance Quality Project Documentation XIBMS Expert Project Report Writers Comprehensive Project Analysis Structured Project Report Services XAVIER Detailed Project Documentation XIBMS Project Evaluation Support Custom Project Report Formats XAVIER Project Research and Analysis MBA/EMBA/GMS/DMS Project Reports   XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assignments, solved papers, and study materials are available through our academic writing services. Seeking assistance with XIBMS Institute coursework? Our professional team delivers accurate and timely solutions for all your academic needs. Our specialized academic writing support simplifies access to XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) question papers and model answers. Need expert guidance for your XIBMS Institute assessments? Our service offers comprehensive solutions for students seeking assistance. Our academic writing services ensure precise and high-quality answers for XIBMS Institute assignments, aiding students in their educational journey.   Academic writing professionals play a crucial role in assisting students with their university assignments, striving to achieve several key goals: Quality Assurance: Their primary aim is to deliver high-quality content that meets academic standards and fulfills the requirements of the university assignments. This involves thorough research, proper structuring, and adherence to guidelines provided by the educational institution. Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced. Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually. Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically appropriate manner. They focus on effective communication to ensure the content is easily understandable to the target audience. Supporting Learning and Comprehension: Beyond completing assignments, academic writing professionals aim to support students\’ learning by providing explanations, analysis, and additional resources that help students grasp the subject matter more comprehensively. Customization and Client Satisfaction: They tailor their services to individual student needs, providing personalized assistance and ensuring client satisfaction by addressing specific requirements and preferences. Continuous Improvement: Academic writing professionals continuously update their knowledge base, research techniques, and writing skills to adapt to evolving academic standards and deliver the best possible support to students.

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XIBMS – Quality as the Key Success Factor In Winning the Global Car War

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XIBMS – Quality as the Key Success Factor In Winning the Global Car War XIBMS – Quality as the Key Success Factor In Winning the Global Car War Massachusetts institute of Technology (MIT) conducted an extensive study of the global car industry that compared operations at General Motors, Toyota, and the joint venture between GM and Toyota, the New United Motor Manufacturing Inc. (NUMMI) plaint in Fremont, California. The result of the study should raise some very disturbing questions about the quality and productivity of American operations, namely: Why did GM’s Framingham plant require 31 hours to assemble a car when the Toyota plant only required 16 hours- or roughly half the time? Why did the GM plant average 135 defects per car when Toyota had only 45 defects – or about one-third the numbers? Why did GM require almost twice as much assembly space as the Toyota facility? Why did GM require to a two-week parts inventory when Toyota only needed a two-hour supply of parts for its assembly line? As one might suspect, the cost of maintaining a large parts inventory inflates product costs.             Obviously GM did not fare well in the direct comparison to Toyota, but there are also signs of encouragement in the MIT study. Although American auto makers had fallen behind their foreign rivals, they have taken active steps to improve product quality and respond to customer wants. These companies have not been defeated; rather they have been revitalized by the competition.             GM joined forces with Toyota to create the NUMMI plant in order to improve the quality and efficiency of its manufacturing operations. The old GM plant in Fremont, California, was one of the car maker’s worst performing facilities before the NUMMI operation was initiated. As a result of the joint venture, assembly time has been greatly reduced and quality, measured in terms of total number of defects per car, has equaled the performance of Toyota in Japan. Although assembly space is still relatively high by Japanese standards, NUMMI’s inventories have been reduced from two weeks to just two days. In short, the solution to many of GM’s production problems could be traced to a need of eliminating waste, focusing on value-added process, and enforcing more stringent quality controls.             In some ways, the European car industry is even in a less competitive position than U.S. companies. The quality, measured by assembly defects for 100 vehicles, is worse in Europe. European car manufacturers had 97 defects per 100 cars, compared to 82.3 by American firms operating in the United States. Japanese companies operating in North America had only 65 such defects and Japanese firms in Japan had only 60?             In productivity, European car firms also did poorly, requiring 36.3 hours to assemble a car compared with 25.1 hours of U.S. companies in North America, 21.2 hours of Japanese car makers in North America and only 16.8 hours of Japanese firms operating in Japan. Clearly, U.S. and especially European firms need much improvement in productivity and quality to be competitive in the global market. Questions: In the NUMMI joint venture, what did Toyota gain? What were the benefits for General Motors? As a consultant, what strategies would you recommend for European carmakers to improve their competitive position in the global car industry? XIBMS – Quality as the Key Success Factor In Winning the Global Car War XIBMS Institute XIBMS Answer sheets, academic support XIBMS assignment help, student assistance XIBMS Institute solutions Xavier mba answer sheets Xibms mba case study answers Xibms case study answers Xavier emba answer sheets Xavier emba case study papers Xibms gms answer sheets Xavier gms case study papers Xavier advance diploma answer sheets Xibms advance diploma case study answer sheets Xibms dms case study answers Xavier dms case study papers At Global Study Solutions, we take immense pride in our ability to offer specialized support to students pursuing various programs at XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). Our dedicated team comprises experienced professionals who excel in crafting precise and well-researched solutions for assignments and case studies across different disciplines and courses. Our commitment to aiding students in achieving academic success aligns perfectly with the educational standards upheld by XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). We understand the importance of delivering high-quality, customized solutions that meet the unique requirements of assignments and case studies within the institute\’s curriculum. Whether in MBA, EMBA, GMS, DMS, or any other programs offered at XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies), our team is equipped to provide expert guidance and meticulously crafted solutions. We prioritize accuracy, originality, and timely delivery, ensuring students receive the necessary assistance to excel academically. We are dedicated to fostering an environment of academic excellence and providing dependable support to the esteemed students of XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). XIBMS Answer Sheets Customized Answer Solutions MBA Assignment Solutions EMBA Case Study Solutions GMS Answer Sheets DMS Assignment Help Professional Writing Assistance Tailored Academic Solutions Specialized XIBMS Support Academic Writing Services Reliable XIBMS Assistance Get expert assistance with your XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assignments and answer sheets from our professional academic writing services. Our team specializes in supporting students with XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) coursework, ensuring top-notch answer sheets and comprehensive solutions. Ace, with our tailored assistance, your XIBMS Institute exams, offering precise guidance and accurate answer sheet preparation. Seeking reliable help for your XIBMS Institute studies? Trust our academic writing services for meticulously crafted answer sheets and exceptional support. Score high in your XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assessments by availing our expert aid in preparing comprehensive and well-structured answer sheets.   XIBMS Project Report Writing Services XAVIER Customized Project Reports XIBMS Institute Project Support XIBMS Professional Project Report Assistance Quality Project Documentation XIBMS Expert Project Report Writers Comprehensive Project Analysis Structured Project Report Services XAVIER Detailed Project Documentation XIBMS Project Evaluation Support Custom Project Report Formats XAVIER Project Research and Analysis MBA/EMBA/GMS/DMS Project Reports   XIBMS Institute

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XIBMS : Managing the Hewlett Packard Way

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XIBMS : Managing the Hewlett Packard Way XIBMS : Managing the Hewlett Packard Way William R. Hewlett and David Packard are two organizational leaders who demonstrated a unique managerial style. They began their operation in a one-car garage in 1939 with $538 and eventually built a very successful company that now produces more than 10,000 products, such as computers, peripheral equipment, test and measuring instruments, and handheld calculators. Perhaps even better known than its products is the distinct managerial style preached and practiced at Hewlett-Packard (HP). It is known as the HP Way. “What is the HP Way? I feel that in general terms it is the policies and actions that flow from the belief that men and women want to do a good job, a creative job, and that if they are provided the proper environment they will do so.’ Bill Hewlett,HP Co-Founder The values of the founders – who withdrew from active management in 1978 – still permeate the organization. The HP Way emphasizes honesty, a strong belief in the value of people, and customer satisfaction. The managerial style also emphasizes an open-door policy, which promotes team effort. Informality in personal relationships is illustrated by the use of first names. Management by objectives is supplemented by what is known as managing by wandering around. By strolling through the organization, top managers keep in touch with what is really going on in the company. This informal organizational climate does not mean that the organization structure has not changed. Indeed, the organizational changes in the 1980s in response to environmental changes were quite painful. However, these changes resulted in extraordinary company growth during the 1980s. QUESTION :  Is the Hewlett – Packard way of managing creating a climate in which employees are motivated to contribute to the aims of the organization? What is unique about the HP Way? Would the HP managerial style work in any organization? Why, or why not? What are the conditions for such a style to work? XIBMS : Managing the Hewlett Packard Way XIBMS Institute XIBMS Answer sheets, academic support XIBMS assignment help, student assistance XIBMS Institute solutions Xavier mba answer sheets Xibms mba case study answers Xibms case study answers Xavier emba answer sheets Xavier emba case study papers Xibms gms answer sheets Xavier gms case study papers Xavier advance diploma answer sheets Xibms advance diploma case study answer sheets Xibms dms case study answers Xavier dms case study papers At Global Study Solutions, we take immense pride in our ability to offer specialized support to students pursuing various programs at XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). Our dedicated team comprises experienced professionals who excel in crafting precise and well-researched solutions for assignments and case studies across different disciplines and courses. Our commitment to aiding students in achieving academic success aligns perfectly with the educational standards upheld by XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). We understand the importance of delivering high-quality, customized solutions that meet the unique requirements of assignments and case studies within the institute\’s curriculum. Whether in MBA, EMBA, GMS, DMS, or any other programs offered at XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies), our team is equipped to provide expert guidance and meticulously crafted solutions. We prioritize accuracy, originality, and timely delivery, ensuring students receive the necessary assistance to excel academically. We are dedicated to fostering an environment of academic excellence and providing dependable support to the esteemed students of XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). XIBMS Answer Sheets Customized Answer Solutions MBA Assignment Solutions EMBA Case Study Solutions GMS Answer Sheets DMS Assignment Help Professional Writing Assistance Tailored Academic Solutions Specialized XIBMS Support Academic Writing Services Reliable XIBMS Assistance Get expert assistance with your XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assignments and answer sheets from our professional academic writing services. Our team specializes in supporting students with XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) coursework, ensuring top-notch answer sheets and comprehensive solutions. Ace, with our tailored assistance, your XIBMS Institute exams, offering precise guidance and accurate answer sheet preparation. Seeking reliable help for your XIBMS Institute studies? Trust our academic writing services for meticulously crafted answer sheets and exceptional support. Score high in your XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assessments by availing our expert aid in preparing comprehensive and well-structured answer sheets.   XIBMS Project Report Writing Services XAVIER Customized Project Reports XIBMS Institute Project Support XIBMS Professional Project Report Assistance Quality Project Documentation XIBMS Expert Project Report Writers Comprehensive Project Analysis Structured Project Report Services XAVIER Detailed Project Documentation XIBMS Project Evaluation Support Custom Project Report Formats XAVIER Project Research and Analysis MBA/EMBA/GMS/DMS Project Reports   XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assignments, solved papers, and study materials are available through our academic writing services. Seeking assistance with XIBMS Institute coursework? Our professional team delivers accurate and timely solutions for all your academic needs. Our specialized academic writing support simplifies access to XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) question papers and model answers. Need expert guidance for your XIBMS Institute assessments? Our service offers comprehensive solutions for students seeking assistance. Our academic writing services ensure precise and high-quality answers for XIBMS Institute assignments, aiding students in their educational journey.   Academic writing professionals play a crucial role in assisting students with their university assignments, striving to achieve several key goals: Quality Assurance: Their primary aim is to deliver high-quality content that meets academic standards and fulfills the requirements of the university assignments. This involves thorough research, proper structuring, and adherence to guidelines provided by the educational institution. Originality and Plagiarism-Free Content: Professionals in this field emphasize originality by creating authentic content free from plagiarism. To maintain academic integrity, they ensure that all information is appropriately cited and referenced. Meeting Deadlines: Timely submission is a significant goal for academic writing professionals. They work within specified deadlines to provide students with completed assignments, enabling them to submit their work punctually. Clear and Coherent Communication: Professionals strive to convey complex ideas in a clear, coherent, and academically

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XIBMS – Re-engineering the Business Process at Procter & Gamble

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XIBMS – Re-engineering the Business Process at Procter & Gamble XIBMS – Re-engineering the Business Process at Procter & Gamble Procter & Gamble (P&G), a multinational corporation, known for its products that include diapers, shampoo, soap, and tooth-paste, was committed to improve value to the customer. Its products were sold through various chanels such as grocery retailers, wholesalers, mass merchandisers, and club stores. The flow of goods in the retail grocery channel was from the factory’s warehouse to the distributor’s warehouses, to the stores where the grocery stores where customers selected the merchandise from the shelves. The improvement-driven company was not satisfied with its performance and developed a variety of programs to improve the service and efficiency of its operation. One such program was the electronic data inter-change (EDI) that provided daily information about shipments from the retail stores to P & G. the installation of the system resulted in better service, reduced inventory levels, and labor cost savings. Another approach, the continuous replenishment program (CRP), provided additional benefits for P & G as well as its customer retailers. Eventually, the total ordering system was redesigned with the result in dramatic performance improvements. The re-engineering efforts also required restructuring the organization. P & G has been known for its brand management for more than 50 years. But in the late 1980s and early 1990s, the brand management approach pioneered by the company in the 1930s required a rethinking and restructuring. In a drive to improve efficiency and coordination, several brands were combined with authority and responsibility given to category managers. Such as manager would determine overall pricing and product policies. Moreover, the category managers were given the authority to delete weak brands and thus avoid conflicts between similar brands. The category managers were also held responsible for profits of product categories for all stores. The switch to category management required not only new skills, but also a new attitude. Questions: The re-engineering efforts focused on the business process system. Do you think other processes, such as the human system, or other managerial policies need to be considered in a process redesign? What do you think was the reaction of the brand managers, who may have worked under the old system for many years, when the category management structure was installed? As a consultant, would you have recommended a top-down or bottom-up approach, or both, to process redesign and organizational change? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each approach? XIBMS – Re-engineering the Business Process at Procter & Gamble XIBMS Institute XIBMS Answer sheets, academic support XIBMS assignment help, student assistance XIBMS Institute solutions Xavier mba answer sheets Xibms mba case study answers Xibms case study answers Xavier emba answer sheets Xavier emba case study papers Xibms gms answer sheets Xavier gms case study papers Xavier advance diploma answer sheets Xibms advance diploma case study answer sheets Xibms dms case study answers Xavier dms case study papers At Global Study Solutions, we take immense pride in our ability to offer specialized support to students pursuing various programs at XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). Our dedicated team comprises experienced professionals who excel in crafting precise and well-researched solutions for assignments and case studies across different disciplines and courses. Our commitment to aiding students in achieving academic success aligns perfectly with the educational standards upheld by XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). We understand the importance of delivering high-quality, customized solutions that meet the unique requirements of assignments and case studies within the institute\’s curriculum. Whether in MBA, EMBA, GMS, DMS, or any other programs offered at XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies), our team is equipped to provide expert guidance and meticulously crafted solutions. We prioritize accuracy, originality, and timely delivery, ensuring students receive the necessary assistance to excel academically. We are dedicated to fostering an environment of academic excellence and providing dependable support to the esteemed students of XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). XIBMS Answer Sheets Customized Answer Solutions MBA Assignment Solutions EMBA Case Study Solutions GMS Answer Sheets DMS Assignment Help Professional Writing Assistance Tailored Academic Solutions Specialized XIBMS Support Academic Writing Services Reliable XIBMS Assistance Get expert assistance with your XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assignments and answer sheets from our professional academic writing services. Our team specializes in supporting students with XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) coursework, ensuring top-notch answer sheets and comprehensive solutions. Ace, with our tailored assistance, your XIBMS Institute exams, offering precise guidance and accurate answer sheet preparation. Seeking reliable help for your XIBMS Institute studies? Trust our academic writing services for meticulously crafted answer sheets and exceptional support. Score high in your XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assessments by availing our expert aid in preparing comprehensive and well-structured answer sheets.   XIBMS Project Report Writing Services XAVIER Customized Project Reports XIBMS Institute Project Support XIBMS Professional Project Report Assistance Quality Project Documentation XIBMS Expert Project Report Writers Comprehensive Project Analysis Structured Project Report Services XAVIER Detailed Project Documentation XIBMS Project Evaluation Support Custom Project Report Formats XAVIER Project Research and Analysis MBA/EMBA/GMS/DMS Project Reports   XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assignments, solved papers, and study materials are available through our academic writing services. Seeking assistance with XIBMS Institute coursework? Our professional team delivers accurate and timely solutions for all your academic needs. Our specialized academic writing support simplifies access to XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) question papers and model answers. Need expert guidance for your XIBMS Institute assessments? Our service offers comprehensive solutions for students seeking assistance. Our academic writing services ensure precise and high-quality answers for XIBMS Institute assignments, aiding students in their educational journey.   Academic writing professionals play a crucial role in assisting students with their university assignments, striving to achieve several key goals: Quality Assurance: Their primary aim is to deliver high-quality content that meets academic standards and fulfills the requirements of the university assignments. This involves thorough research, proper structuring, and adherence

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XIBMS – The Daimler-Chrysler Merger: A New World Order?

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XIBMS – The Daimler-Chrysler Merger: A New World Order? XIBMS – The Daimler-Chrysler Merger: A New World Order? In May 1998, Daimler-Benz, the biggest industrial firm in Europe and Chrysler, the third largest carmaker in the US merged. The carefully planned merger seemed to be a “strategic fit.’’ Chrysler with its lower-priced cars, light trucks, pickups, and its successful minivans appeared to complement Daimler’s luxury cars, commercial vehicles, and sport utilities. There was little product-line overlap with the exception of the Chrysler’s Jeep and Daimler’s Mercedes M-Class sport utility vehicles. The merger followed a trend of other consolidations. General Motors owns 50 percent of Swedish Saab AB and has subsidiaries Opel in Germany and Vaxuhall in England. Ford acquired British Jaguar and Aston Martin. The German carmaker BMW acquired British Rover, and Rolls Royce successfully sold its interests to Volkswagen and BMW. On the other hand, the attempted merger of Volvo and Renault failed and Ford later acquired Volvo. The Daimler-Chrysler cross-cultural merger has the advantage of both CEO’s having international experience and knowledge of both German and American cultures. Chrysler’s Robert Eaton had experience in restyling Opel cars in GM’s European operation. Mr. Lutz, the co-chair at Chrysler, speaks fluent German, English, French, and Italian, and has past work experience with BMW, GM, and Ford. Daimler’s CEO Juergen Schrempp worked in the US with Euclid Inc. and has experience in South Africa giving him a global perspective. Background Lee lacocca, the colorful Chrysler Chairman left Ford for Chrysler because of a clash with Henry Ford II in 1978. He is credited with saving Chrysler from bankruptcy in 1979/1980, when he negotiated a loan guaranty from the US government. Iacocca also led Chrysler’s CEO who negotiated the 1998 merger with Daimler, replaced Iacocca in 1992. At the time of the merger, Daimler was selling fewer vehicles than Chrysler, but had higher revenues. Daimler’s 300,000 employees worldwide produced 715,000 cars and 417,000 trucks and commercial vehicles in 1997. The company was also in the business of airplanes, trains, and helicopters, and two thirds of its revenue came from outside Germany. So, why would Daimler in Stuttgart go to Chrysler in Detroit? The companies had complementary product lines and Chrysler saw the merger as an opportunity to over come some of the European trade barriers; but the primary reasons for mergers in the auto industry are technology (high fixed costs) and overcapacity. Only those companies with economies of scale can survive. Mr. Park, the President of Hyundai Motor Company stated that the production lines in Korea operate at about 50 percent of capacity in 1998. The auto industry could produce about 1/3 more cars. It has been predicted that only six or seven major carmakers will be able to survive in the next century. This makes merger more of a competitive necessity than a competitive or strategic advantage. Daimler + Chrysler = New Car Company In the late 1980s and the early 1990s, the Japanese made great strides in the auto industry through efficient production and high quality. Now the German carmaker changes the car industry with the Daimler-Chrysler merger in which the former having 53 percent ownership and the latter the rest. The new car company is now the fifth largest in the world and could become the volume producer in the whole product line range. The respective strengths are that Daimler is known for its luxury cars and its innovation in small cars (A-Class, Smart Car). Chrysler, on the other hand, has an average profit per vehicle that is the highest among the Big 3 (GM, Ford, and Chrysler) in Detroit, thanks to the high margins on minivans and Jeeps. Chrysler is also known for its highly skilled management and efficient production. Low cost and simplicity (e.g. Neon model) are other hallmarks of Chrysler. Juergen Schrempp – A Shake-Up Artist? Besides arranging for the Daimler-Chrysler merger, Juergen Schrempp initiated many changes in the German operation. When he took office, he felt that the company was without purpose and direction. Consequently, he divested AEF and reduced the number of businesses from 35 to 23. His emphasis on shareholder value is counter to traditional German business culture. Schrempp models his Managerial style after General Electric CEO Jack Welch. Welch believes the GE should be No. 1 or No. 2 (or have a plan aimed at getting there) in a given market or business, or the company should get out of this market. Yet, Schrempp faces many challenges. In the next century, Mercedes will face tough competition from the Japanese Lexus, infinity, and Acura as well as BMW and Ford’s Jagur. Germany’s labor cost is the highest in the world and it requires 60 to 80 hours to build a Mercedes while to takes only 20 labor hours to build a Lexus. Schrempp needs to cut costs and improve productivity in order to survive. To remain competitive in a global market with fewer, but larger automakers, Daimler-Chrysler has to grow and introduce new models. At the Frankfurt Auto Show in 1999, the company announced that it would invest $48 billion to introduce 64 new models in the next five years. Strategy Implementation: The Achilles’ Heed of the Merger? The formulation of the merger strategy was carefully planned. The global perspectives of Schrempp and Eaton as well as the product line indicate a fit. Yet, implementing a well conceived strategy provides its own challenges. Some Chrysler designers and mangers saw the merger more as a takeover by Daimler, and consequently left the firm to join GM and Ford. Mr. Eaton, who is the American moral booster, will soon retire. While there is a mutual understanding of the country and corporate culture on the highest organizational level, incorporating the different cultures and managerial styles on lower levels may be more difficult. German top managers may rely on the 50 page report for discussion and decision making. Americans prefer one-to-one communication. Below the board level, subordinates typically research an issue and present it to their

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XIBMS – Developing Verifiable Goals

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XIBMS – Developing Verifiable Goals XIBMS – Developing Verifiable Goals The division manager had recently heard a lecture on management by objectives.  His enthusiasm, kindled at that time, tended to grow the more the thought about it.  He finally decided to introduce the concept and see what headway he could make at his next staff meeting.             He recounted the theoretical developments in this technique, cited the advantages to the division of its application, and asked his subordinates to think about adopting it.             It was not as easy as everyone had thought.  At the next meeting, several questions were raised. “Do you have division goals assigned by the president to you for next year ?” the finance  manager wanted to know.             “No, I do not,” the division manager replied. “I have been waiting for the president’s office to tell me what is expected, but they act as if they will do nothing about the matter.”             “What is the division to do, then?” the manager of production asked, rather hoping that no action would be indicted.             “I intend to list my expectations for the division,” the division manager said. “There is not much mystery about them.  I expect $30 million in sales; a profit on sales before taxes of 8 percent; a return on investment of 15 percent; an ongoing program in effect by June 30, with specific characteristics I will list later, to develop our own future managers; the completion of development work on our XZ model by the end of the year; and stabilization of employee turnover at 5 percent.’’             The staff was stunned that their superior had thought through to these verifiable objectives and stated them with such clarity and assurance. They were also surprised about his sincerity in wanting to achieve them.             During the next month I want each of you to translate these objectives into verifiable goals for your own functions. Naturally they will be different for finance, marketing, production, engineering, and administration. However you state them, I will expect them to add up to the realization of the division goals.’’ Questions: Can a division manager develop verifiable goals, or objectives, when the president has not assigned them to him or her? How? What king of information or help do you believe is important for the division manager to have from headquarters? Was the division manager setting goals in the best way? What would you have done? XIBMS – Developing Verifiable Goals XIBMS Institute XIBMS Answer sheets, academic support XIBMS assignment help, student assistance XIBMS Institute solutions Xavier mba answer sheets Xibms mba case study answers Xibms case study answers Xavier emba answer sheets Xavier emba case study papers Xibms gms answer sheets Xavier gms case study papers Xavier advance diploma answer sheets Xibms advance diploma case study answer sheets Xibms dms case study answers Xavier dms case study papers At Global Study Solutions, we take immense pride in our ability to offer specialized support to students pursuing various programs at XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). Our dedicated team comprises experienced professionals who excel in crafting precise and well-researched solutions for assignments and case studies across different disciplines and courses. Our commitment to aiding students in achieving academic success aligns perfectly with the educational standards upheld by XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). We understand the importance of delivering high-quality, customized solutions that meet the unique requirements of assignments and case studies within the institute\’s curriculum. Whether in MBA, EMBA, GMS, DMS, or any other programs offered at XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies), our team is equipped to provide expert guidance and meticulously crafted solutions. We prioritize accuracy, originality, and timely delivery, ensuring students receive the necessary assistance to excel academically. We are dedicated to fostering an environment of academic excellence and providing dependable support to the esteemed students of XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies). XIBMS Answer Sheets Customized Answer Solutions MBA Assignment Solutions EMBA Case Study Solutions GMS Answer Sheets DMS Assignment Help Professional Writing Assistance Tailored Academic Solutions Specialized XIBMS Support Academic Writing Services Reliable XIBMS Assistance Get expert assistance with your XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assignments and answer sheets from our professional academic writing services. Our team specializes in supporting students with XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) coursework, ensuring top-notch answer sheets and comprehensive solutions. Ace, with our tailored assistance, your XIBMS Institute exams, offering precise guidance and accurate answer sheet preparation. Seeking reliable help for your XIBMS Institute studies? Trust our academic writing services for meticulously crafted answer sheets and exceptional support. Score high in your XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assessments by availing our expert aid in preparing comprehensive and well-structured answer sheets.   XIBMS Project Report Writing Services XAVIER Customized Project Reports XIBMS Institute Project Support XIBMS Professional Project Report Assistance Quality Project Documentation XIBMS Expert Project Report Writers Comprehensive Project Analysis Structured Project Report Services XAVIER Detailed Project Documentation XIBMS Project Evaluation Support Custom Project Report Formats XAVIER Project Research and Analysis MBA/EMBA/GMS/DMS Project Reports   XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) assignments, solved papers, and study materials are available through our academic writing services. Seeking assistance with XIBMS Institute coursework? Our professional team delivers accurate and timely solutions for all your academic needs. Our specialized academic writing support simplifies access to XIBMS Institute (Xavier Institute of Business Management Studies) question papers and model answers. Need expert guidance for your XIBMS Institute assessments? Our service offers comprehensive solutions for students seeking assistance. Our academic writing services ensure precise and high-quality answers for XIBMS Institute assignments, aiding students in their educational journey.   Academic writing professionals play a crucial role in assisting students with their university assignments, striving to achieve several key goals: Quality Assurance: Their primary aim is to deliver high-quality content that meets academic standards and fulfills the requirements of the university assignments. This involves thorough research, proper structuring, and adherence to guidelines provided by the educational institution.

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XIBMS – McDonald’s: Serving Fast Food around the World

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XIBMS – McDonald’s: Serving Fast Food around the World XIBMS – McDonald’s: Serving Fast Food around the World Ray Kroc opened the first McDonald’s restaurant in 1955.  He offered a limited menu of high-quality, moderately-priced food served fast in spotless surroundings. McDonald’s “QSC&V” (quality, service, cleanliness, and value) was a hit.  The chain expanded into every state in the nation.  By 1983 it had more than 6000 restaurants in the United States and by 1995 it had more than 18,000 restaurants in 89 countries, located in six continents.  In 1995 alone, the company built 2,400 restaurants. In 1967 McDonald’s opened its first restaurant outside the United States, in Canada.  Since then, the international growth accelerated.  In 1995, the “Big Six” countries that provide about 80 percent of the international operating income are: Canada, Japan, Germany, Australia, France, and England.  In the same year, more that 7000 restaurants in 89 countries generated sales of $14 billion. Yet fast food has barely touched many cultures.  The opportunities for expanding the market are great when one realizes that 99 percent of the world population is not yet McDonald’s customers.  For example, in China, with a population of 1.2 billion people, there are only 62 McDonald’s restaurants (1995).  McDonald’s vision is to be the major player in food services around the world. In Europe, McDonald maintains a small percentage of restaurant sales but commands a large share of the fast food market.  It took the company 14 years of planning before it opened a restaurant in Moscow in 1990.  But the planning paid off.  After the opening, people were standing in line up to 2 hours for a hamburger.  It has been said that McDonald’s restaurant in Moscow attracts More visitors – on an average 27,000 daily than Lenin’s mausoleum (about 9,000 people) which used to be the place to see.  The Beijing opening in 1982 attracted some 40,000 people to the largest (28,000 square-foot) restaurant at a location where some 8, 00,000 pedestrians pass by every day. Food is prepared in accordance with local laws.  For example, the menus in Arab countries comply with Islamic food preparation laws.  In 995, McDonald’s opened its first kosher restaurant in Jerusalem where it does not serve dairy products.  The taste for fast food, American style, is growing more rapidly abroad than at home. McDonald’s international sales have been increasing by a large percentage every year.  Every day, more than 33 million people eat at McDonald’s around the world with 18 million of them in the United States. The prices vary considerably around the world ranging from $5.20 in Switzerland to $1.05 in China for the Big Mac that costs in the United States $2.32.  The Economist magazine even devised a “Big Mac Index” to estimate whether a currency is over or undervalued.  Thus, the $1.05 Chinese Mac translates into an implied Purchasing Power Parity of $3.88.  The inference is that the Chinese currency is undervalued while the Swiss Franc is overvalued.  Here are other prices for the $2.32 U.S. Big Mac. Britain, $2.80, Denmark $4, 92, France $3.23, Japan $4.65, and Russia $1.62. Its traditional menu has been surprisingly successful.  People with diverse dining habits have adopted burgers and fries whole heartedly.  Before McDonald’s introduced the Japanese to French fries, potatoes were used in Japan only to make starch.  The Germans thought hamburgers were people from the city of Hamburg.  Now, McDonald’s also serves chicken, sausage, and salads.  One of the items, a very different product, is pizza.  In Norway, McDonald’s serves grilled salmon sandwich, in the Philippines pasta in a sauce with frankfurter bits, and in Uruguay the hamburger is served with a poached egg.  Any new venture is risky and can be either a very profitable addition or a costly experiment. Despite the global operation, McDonald’s stays in close contact with its customers who want good taste, fast and friendly service, clean surroundings, and quality.  To attain quality, the so called Quality Assurance Centers (QACs), are located in the U.S., Europe, and Asia.  In addition, training plays an important part in serving the customers.  Besides day-to-day coaching, Hamburger Universities in the U.S., Germany, England, Japan, and Australia, teach the skills in 22 languages with the aim of providing 100 percent customer satisfaction. It is interesting that McDonald’s was one of the first restaurants in Europe to welcome families with children.  Not only are children welcomed, but also in many restaurants they are also entertained with crayons and paper , a playland, and the clown Ronald McDonald’s , who can speak twenty languages. With the aging population, McDonald’s takes aim at the adult market.  With heavy advertising (it has been said that McDonald’s will spend $200 million to promote the new burger) the company introduced Arch Deluxe on a potato – flower bun with lettuce, onions, ketchup, tomato slices, American cheese, grainy mustard and mayo sauce.  Although McDonald’s considers the over – 50 adult burger a great success, a survey conducted five weeks after its introduction showed mixed results. McDonald’s golden arches promise the same basic menu and QSC&V in every restaurant.  Its products, handling and cooking procedures and kitchen layouts are standardized and strictly controlled.  McDonald’s revoked the first French franchises because the franchise failed to meet its standards for fast service and cleanliness, even though their restaurants were highly profitable.  This may have delayed its expansion in france. The restaurants are run by local manager and crews.  Owners and managers attend the Hamburger University near Chicago, or in other places around the world, to learn how to operate a McDonald’s restaurant and maintain OSC&V.  The main campus library and modern electronic classrooms (which include simultaneous translation systems) are the envy of many universities.  When McDonald’s opened in Moscow, a one – page advertisement resulted in 30,000 inquiries about the jobs; 4000 people were interviewed, and some 300 were hired.  The pay is about 50 percent higher than the average Soviet salary. McDonald’s ensures consistent precuts by controlling every stage of the distribution. 

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