NMIMS BBA – B.Com Machine Learning 1 Solved Answer Assignment

Machine Learning – I

NMIMS BBA – B.Com Machine Learning 1 Solved Answer Assignment

1. Describe the steps in building Linear Regression model? Discuss any two real work problem where this model is help to find the problem? (10 Marks)

Ans :

Introduction to Linear Regression:

Linear Regression is a foundational and widely used statistical method in the field of machine learning and data analysis. It serves as a fundamental tool for modeling the relationship between a dependent variable (the output or target) and one or more independent variables (the inputs or features). The core idea behind Linear Regression is to identify a linear equation that best represents the relationship between the variables. This equation enables us to make predictions or estimates based on the given inputs.

Concept & Application of Linear Regression:

Linear Regression is a fundamental technique in statistical modeling and machine learning. It’s used to model the relationship between a continuous target variable and one or more explanatory variables.

Applications:

1. House Price Prediction:

Linear Regression can be used to predict house prices based on features such as area, location, number of bedrooms, etc. By analyzing historical data on house prices and relevant features, a model can be built to estimate the price of a house given its features.

1. Sales Forecasting:

In retail, Linear Regression can help forecast future sales based on various factors like advertising expenditure, seasonal trends, economic indicators, etc. This can aid in inventory management, budget planning, and overall business strategy.

Conclusion:

Linear Regression, a foundational method in statistics and machine learning, offers a systematic approach to modeling the relationship between dependent and independent variables. The model assumes a linear relationship and leverages this to make predictions or understand the impact of variables on a target.

NMIMS BBA – B.Com Machine Learning 1 Solved Answer Assignment

2. Why feature selection is important in the context of Machine Learning. How will you effectively select a few features to start off your model building process. State some of the techniques for Feature Selection in Machine Learning. (10 Marks)

Ans :

Introduction

In machine learning, feature selection is pivotal in enhancing model performance and interpretability. It involves choosing a subset of relevant features from the original feature set, aiming to improve the model’s predictive capability, reduce overfitting, and boost computational efficiency. In essence, feature selection helps to identify the most informative attributes that contribute significantly to the prediction task, thus simplifying the model while preserving its accuracy.

Concept & Application

1. Filter Methods:

Filter methods evaluate the relevance of features independently of the machine learning model. Standard metrics used in filter methods include correlation, mutual information, chi-squared tests, and information gain. By ranking features based on these metrics, irrelevant or redundant features can be easily identified and eliminated.

2. Wrapper Methods:

Wrapper methods select features by evaluating different subsets and assessing their impact on model performance. Techniques like forward selection, backward elimination, and recursive feature elimination (RFE) fall under this category. Wrapper methods often employ a chosen machine learning model to evaluate subsets of features iteratively.

Conclusion

Feature selection is a critical step in the machine learning pipeline that directly impacts the model’s performance, efficiency, and interpretability. The appropriate choice of feature selection technique depends on the nature of the dataset, the specific machine learning problem, and the computational resources available.

NMIMS BBA – B.Com Machine Learning 1 Solved Answer Assignment

3. An e-commerce company has collected a large amount of data on customer transactions, including the items purchased, the price, and the date of purchase. The company wants to use this data to improve its sales and marketing strategies, but the data is too large and complex to be analyzed effectively using traditional methods.

The e-commerce company decided to use machine learning algorithms to perform data reduction on the customer transaction data. They used a dimensionality reduction algorithm such as principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce the number of variables and simplify the data.

1. What were the result of using machine learning algorithms for data reduction in this case study? (5 Marks)

Ans :

Introduction

In the rapidly evolving world of e-commerce, companies are inundated with vast data generated from customer transactions. This data holds immense potential for understanding customer behavior, preferences, and purchasing patterns.

Concept and Application

The Role of Dimensionality Reduction in Data Analysis

Dimensionality reduction is vital in machine learning and data analysis, especially when dealing with high-dimensional data. High-dimensional data can suffer from the “curse of dimensionality,” leading to increased computational complexity, overfitting, and reduced model performance. Dimensionality reduction algorithms address these challenges by reducing the number of features (dimensions) while retaining essential information.

Conclusion

Machine learning algorithms, especially dimensionality reduction techniques like PCA, play a pivotal role in handling and making sense of large and complex datasets in the e-commerce domain. In this case study, we observed how PCA enabled the e-commerce company to reduce data dimensions while retaining essential information effectively.

1. How did the use of machine learning algorithms help the e-commerce company to analyze the customer transaction data and improve its sales and marketing strategies? (5 Marks)

Ans :

Introduction

In the era of digitalization, businesses are accumulating vast amounts of data, including customer transaction data, at an unprecedented rate. However, deriving meaningful insights from this data can be daunting due to its size and complexity.

Concept and Application

1. Dimensionality Reduction using PCA

Dimensionality reduction techniques like PCA help simplify complex datasets by transforming them into a lower-dimensional space while preserving relevant information. In the context of customer transaction data, this means reducing the numerous variables (e.g., types of products, purchase amounts, dates) to a smaller set of uncorrelated variables called principal components. These components are linear combinations of the original variables and are ranked by the amount of variance they capture. Most of the dataset’s information is retained by selecting the top components while significantly reducing its complexity.

Conclusion

In conclusion, using machine learning algorithms, particularly principal component analysis, offers a powerful approach to analyzing and leveraging vast and complex customer transaction data in the e-commerce industry. By reducing the dimensionality of the data and extracting meaningful patterns, businesses can gain valuable insights into customer behavior, enabling them to optimize sales and marketing strategies.

NMIMS BBA – B.Com Machine Learning 1 Solved Answer Assignment