Briefly define Affinity Diagram with an example
Six Sigma Black Belt
Multiple Choices:
Q1. Calculate the estimated variance of the population from which the following values have been randomly selected: 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.8.
a. 095
b. 009
c. 088
d. 008
Q2. The mean, median and mode of a distribution have the same value. What can be said about the distribution?
a. It is exponential
b. It is normal
c. It is uniform
d. None of the above
Q3. Approximately what percent of the data values are smaller than the mean?
a. 25%
b. 50%
c. 75%
d. None of above
Q4. A normal probability plot is used to:
a. Determine whether the distribution is normal
b. Plot Z value
c. Determine process capability
d. It percent out of specification
Q5. Nominal Group technique is used to:
a. Help a group reach consensus
b. Generate a group on new ideas
c. Provide a consistent stable group leadership
d. Provide a name for the group
Q6. An example of a project metric would be:
a. The decrease in defect occurrence
b. The decrease in product cost
c. The decrease in cycle time
d. All the above
Q7. A correct statement about the relationship between the terms parameter and statistic is:
a. A population statistic is more accurate than a parameter
b. A sample parameter is used to estimate a statistic
c. A sample statistic is used to estimate a population parameter
d. Standard deviation calculation requires both statistics and parameters
Q8. A and B are events. P(A) = 0.80 and P(B) = 0.90:
a. Events A and B are disjoint or mutually exclusive
b. Events A and B are not disjoint or mutually exclusive
c. P (A and B) = 0
d. P(A and B) = 1.7
Q9. In a certain sampling situation, a=0, b=0.08. the power of the sampling plan this case is:
a. 0
b. 0.08
c. 1.00
d. 0.92
Q10. A newspaper article describes a high positive correlation between obesity and orange juice consumption among six-year-old children’s. Parents who restrict the use of orange juice for their children have:
a. Made a type I error
b. Made a type II error
c. Misunderstood margin of error
d. Confused correlation with causation
Q11. In an experimental design context, replications refer to:
a. Duplicating experimental result at another location
b. Repeating a test with the same factor levels
c. Obtaining the same or similar result from different factors
d. Repeating an experiment but using at least one different factor level
Q12. Find the upper control limit for a range chart if n=4 and the average range is 2.282.
a. 2.282
b. 4.564
c. 5.208
d. 3.423
Q13. An x-bar control chart been established with control limits of 3.245 and 3.257, n=5. An engineer collects the following sample and plots the average on the control chart: 3.257, 3.256, 3.258, 3.259
a. The process is out of control
b. The process is not out of control
c. The engineer misused the control chart
d. The control limits are incorrect
Q14. TEIZ is an acronym which refers to:
a. A set of problem solving tools
b. An organization of quality professionals
c. An experiment using transitional results
d. A Russian general responsible for creative thinking
Q15. A robust design is one which;
a. Has high reliability
b. Has low maintenance frequency
c. Is simple to manufacture’
d. Is resistant to varying environmental condition
Q16. A frequent cause of system sub optimization is:
a. Optimizing individual process
b. Failing to draw a system flow chart
c. Using data with outliers
d. Failing to consider the normal distribution
Q17. The x2 distribution is:
a. Symmetric
b. Left skewed
c. Right skewed
d. Normal
Q18. An advantage of using standard deviation rather than range for measuring dispersion of a large sample is that:
a. Standard deviation has a simpler formula
b. Calculators have a standard deviation key but not a range Key
c. Standard deviation uses information from each measurement
d. Range calculation are not normally distributed
Q19. The team development stage characterized by expression of individual opinions and ideas often without regard for team objectives is known as:
a. Performing
b. Norming
c. Conflicting
d. Storming
Q20. SMED is an acronym for activity that:
a. Involve housekeeping in the work area
b. Makes mistake of a certain type impossible
c. Emphasizes the pull of the customer
d. Reduces set up the time
Q21. A principle advantage of fractional factorial experimental designs is:
a. Reduced cost
b. Improved accuracy
c. Increased confounding
d. Higher confidence level
Q22. Dr. W Edwards Deming:
a. Lectured in Japan after World War II
b. Was an author of several books in the US
c. Is considered an expert in the quality field
d. All of the above
Part Two:
Q23. What percent of population falls below the lower specification limits?
a. 9.18%
b. 22.66%
c. 6.68%
d. 1.83%
Q24. Find the mean, median and mode of the following data set: 9, 11, 12, 14, 18, 18, 18, 20, and 23:
a. 15.5, 18, 18
b. 15, 14, 18
c. 15, 12, 18
d. 15.5, 16, 18
Use for problems 25-27:A B Res.
Q25. Calculate the main effect of factor A:
a. 20
b. 25
c. 30
d. None of the above
Q26. Calculate the interaction effect:
a. 20
b. 25
c. 40
d. None of the above
Q27. If it is desirable to maximize the response R, the following levels should be used:
a. A+ and B+
b. A+ and B
c.A- and B+
d. None of the above
Q28. This experimental design is:
a. Full factorial
b. Half factorial
c. Quarter factorial
d. None of the above
Q29. The number of factors, levels and replications:
a. 3, 3, 3
b. 3, 2, 2
c. 3, 2, 3
d. None of the above
Q30. An indication of the experimental error is available because the design has:
a. Multiple replications
b. Multiple levels
c. Multiple factors
d. None of the above
Q31. The average number of defects is 21.6. Find the upper control limit for the C-chart.
a. 26.4
b. 24.6
c. 26.2
d. None of the above
Q32. Briefly define Affinity Diagram with an example.
Q33. By using imaginary figures draw a Run Chart.
Q34. Consider the following data & develop a normal probability graph paper & normal probability plot:7.9, 9.7, 10.6, 12.7, 12.8, 18.1, 21.2, 33.0, 43.5, 51.1, 81.4, 93.1
Q35. A painting process produces coatings with a thickness of 0.0005 & a standard deviation of 0.00002. What should the tolerance limits be for this process? Briefly explain Tolerance design?
Q36. What is Pugh matrix? State the steps which are used in Pugh matrix.
Q37. Define & describe the purpose of root cause analysis? Recognize the issues involved in identifying a root cause analysis and list various tools for resolving chronic problem?
Q38. Describe the purpose & elements of FMEA including risk priority number (RPN), and evaluate FMEA results for processes, products, & services. Distinguish between design FMEA (DFMEA) & process FMEA (PFMEA) and interpret results from each.
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